This chapter will offer an overview of the emerging field of study of religion, conflict and conflict resolution, which has been appearing since the end of the cold war as reflection of global trends. Intellectually it has been substantially sparked by the appearance of Samuel Huntington's important essay and book on the theme of the “clash of civilizations.” The chapter presents examples of religion and culture both serving as a source of conflict and most pertinent for this book, religion as a bridge for dialogue and peacebuilding in a variety of global/international venues. Examples of the manner in which religion's role as a bridge can be further enhanced is also discussed. The chapter is meant to serve as a background and context for the subsequent chapters relating to the manner in which the Arab-Israeli conflict is rooted in religion and culture and most importantly how religion can serve as a bridge for the task of dialogue and peacebuilding.