Shallow-water bottom reverberation measurements

A Multivariate Correlation Analysis of High- Frequency Bottom Backscattering Strength Measurements With Geotechnical Parameters

“…12, we compare the measured SB at 30 with the grain size as derived from the corresponding North Sea grabs for sediments without gravel (practically, this means 1%). Also given in the figure are measurements that have been published in [6], [8], [21], and [22]. Our data and the data from literature are in good agreement and they show that there is virtually no relation between scattering strength and grain size [6].…”

“…In [9] and [10], seafloor scattering strength measurements are presented as obtained by a 95-kHz multibeam echo sounder (MBES). We compare our backscattering data to the data of Stanic et al [6]- [8], Goff et al [9], Hughes-Clarke et al [10], and others. This paper is organized as follows.…”

“…From recent work on correlating high-frequency bottom scattering with measured geotechnical properties of the seafloor, we mention the papers by Stanic et al [6]- [8]. In these papers, backscattering measurements are reported for the frequency range of 20-180 kHz and for grazing angles of 5 -30 .…”

“…In these papers, backscattering measurements are reported for the frequency range of 20-180 kHz and for grazing angles of 5 -30 . A single sediment type is considered in each: coarse sand in [8], fine sand in [6], and a sediment characterized by a 2-cm layer of coarse shell overlying medium sand in [7]. In [3], bottom backscattering measurements are reported for three bottom types, viz., a fine sand, a silt, and a silt-clay bottom.…”

Development of an Adaptive Approach for Identification of Targets (Match Box, Pocket Diary and Cigarette Box) Under the Cloth With MMW Imaging System

“…Various probability density functions (pdfs) have been used to improve the performance of target detection, despeckling and identification of SAR images [33][34][35]. The scattering distribution of pdf parameter is highly sensitive to the frequency, range and roughness properties of the targets [36,37]. A small change in these properties provides a big change in the scattered distribution.…”