Shallow stratification prevailed for ∼1700 to ∼1300 Ma ocean: Evidence from organic carbon isotopes in the North China Craton

Luo, Genming; Junium, Christopher K.; Kump, Lee R.; Huang, Junhua; Li, Chao; Feng, Qinglai; Shi, Xiaoying; Bai, Xiaoyong; Xie, Shucheng

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.05.020

Cited by 67 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Previous studies showed that in shallow chemocline environments, d 13 C org values are low and constant, but are relatively enriched and (Luo et al, 2014). As mentioned before, there are more anaerobic microbes in the reducing environments of K 2 n 1 (discussed in detail below).…”

Section: Carbon Isotopic Composition Of Om (D 13 C Org )mentioning

confidence: 72%

Compound-specific carbon isotope study on the hydrocarbon biomarkers in lacustrine source rocks from Songliao Basin

Wang

Song

Cao

et al. 2015

Organic Geochemistry

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Section: Carbon Isotopic Composition Of Om (D 13 C Org )mentioning

confidence: 72%

Compound-specific carbon isotope study on the hydrocarbon biomarkers in lacustrine source rocks from Songliao Basin

Wang

Song

Cao

et al. 2015

Organic Geochemistry

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“…Relationship between the d 13 C of n-alkanes and kerogen in the Xiamaling black shale samples. The bulk organic carbon isotopic composition was reported previously by Luo et al (2014). Fig.…”

Section: Microbial Degradation and The Origin Of The Large Unresolvedmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…It has long been speculated that Mesoproterozoic marine basins witnessed a higher frequency of anoxic and strongly stratified conditions, where bottom waters were either sulfidic (Canfield, 1998;Shen et al, 2003;Brocks et al, 2005) or ferruginous (Poulton et al, 2010;Planavsky et al, 2011;Luo et al, 2014). Cross-plots showing the trace elemental ratios of V/(V + Ni), V/Cr and Th/ U in studied samples (Fig.…”

Section: Anoxic Depositional Environments Of the Xiamaling Formationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the black shale, the concentration of this series of tricyclic terpanes is exceedingly low, Table 4 Compound-specific carbon isotopic composition of n-alkanes extracted from four of the samples used in this study. The bulk organic carbon isotopic composition was according to Luo et al (2014). A dash (-) indicates that the concentration was too low to yield reliable results.…”

Section: Tricyclic Terpanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative microbial diversity and redox environments of black shale and stromatolite facies in the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation

Luo

Hallmann

Xie

et al. 2015

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…The newly emerging view is one of a ferruginous deep ocean, euxinic continental margins and oxic surface waters (Planavsky et al, 2011;Shen et al, 2003) with significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity (Gilleaudeau and Kah, 2015;Sperling et al, 2014). Carbon isotopes further suggest that near-shore waters were dominated by aerobic metabolisms, while anaerobic processes became more important with depth (Luo et al, 2014a), especially in restricted epicontinental basins (Gilleaudeau and Kah, 2013a). Existing records of nitrogen isotopes suggest that nitrogen speciation and bioavailability may have mirrored these patterns.…”

Section: Mesoproterozoic (16-08 Gyr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of Earth's biogeochemical nitrogen cycle

Stüeken

Kipp

Koehler

et al. 2016

Earth-Science Reviews

288

282

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Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for all life on Earth and it acts as a major control on biological productivity in the modern ocean. Accurate reconstructions of the evolution of life over the course of the last four billion years therefore demand a better understanding of nitrogen bioavailability and speciation through time. The biogeochemical nitrogen cycle has evidently been closely tied to the redox state of the ocean and atmosphere. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the Earth"s surface has passed in a non-linear fashion from an anoxic state in the Hadean to an oxic state in the later Phanerozoic. It is therefore likely that the nitrogen cycle has changed markedly over time, with potentially severe implications for the productivity and evolution of the biosphere. Here we compile nitrogen isotope data from the literature and review our current understanding of the evolution of the nitrogen cycle, with particular emphasis on the Precambrian. Combined with recent work on redox conditions, trace metal availability, sulfur and iron cycling on the early Earth, we then use the nitrogen isotope record as a platform to test existing and new hypotheses about biogeochemical pathways that may have controlled nitrogen availability through time. Among other things, we conclude that (a) abiotic nitrogen sources were likely insufficient to sustain a large biosphere, thus favoring an early origin of biological N 2 fixation, (b) evidence of nitrate in the Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic confirm current views of increasing surface oxygen levels at those times, (c) abundant ferrous iron and sulfide in the midPrecambrian ocean may have affected the speciation and size of the fixed nitrogen reservoir, and (d) nitrate availability alone was not a major driver of eukaryotic evolution.

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Shallow stratification prevailed for ∼1700 to ∼1300 Ma ocean: Evidence from organic carbon isotopes in the North China Craton

Cited by 67 publications

References 84 publications

Compound-specific carbon isotope study on the hydrocarbon biomarkers in lacustrine source rocks from Songliao Basin

Compound-specific carbon isotope study on the hydrocarbon biomarkers in lacustrine source rocks from Songliao Basin

Comparative microbial diversity and redox environments of black shale and stromatolite facies in the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation

The evolution of Earth's biogeochemical nitrogen cycle

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