Shallow ocean oxygen decline during the end-Triassic mass extinction

He, Tianchen; Newton, Robert J.; Wignall, Paul B.; Reid, S.R.; Corso, Jacopo Dal; Takahashi, Satoshi; Wu, Hepin; Todaro, Simona; Stefano, Pietro Di; Randazzo, Vincenzo; Rigo, Manuel; Dunhill, Alexander M.

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103770

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…These data confirm the primary nature of the collected bulk samples, supporting the use of stable isotopic analyses (O, C, S) for the Mt Sparagio section (Todaro et al, 2018;He et al, 2020;He et al, 2022).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…SEM (FESEM-JEOL) analyses data, performed at the Department of Chemical Engineering of University of Palermo, allowed to calculate the wt% of Mg 2+ (0.2-0.7) confirming the absence of dolomite in the bulk samples. Cathodoluminescence observations, carried out at the School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Science of Manchester University by an Olympus CCL 8200 mk3 and elemental indicators (Mn/Sr, Mg/Ca) analysed by He et al (2022) demonstrated a minor influence of dolomitization or diagenetic processes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The End-Triassic Extinction (ETE) is one of the Big Five mass extinction events documented during the Phanerozoic, which occurred close to the Triassic/Jurassic boundary (TJB) at about 201 Ma (Sepkoski Jr, 1994;Hesselbo et al, 2002;Blackburn et al, 2013;Lindström, 2016). Several climate and environmental perturbations occurred at the end of Triassic: a global warming estimated at 3 °-4 °C seems to be the result of CO 2 and CH 4 release in the atmosphere by volcanism (McElwain et al, 1999;Beerling and Berner, 2002;Todaro et al, 2018;Song et al, 2021); subaerial deposits covered the end-Triassic platform deposits implying a sea level fall (Hallam, 1997), even if its global extent is still under discussion; a decrease of ocean water circulation (Huynh and Poulsen, 2005) and widespread anoxia involved many semi-enclosed basins of Europe (Luo et al, 2018) and the mid-depth waters of oceans (Jost et al, 2017;He et al, 2020); a low oxygen conditions also in shallow water setting from western Tethys (He et al, 2022); a perturbation in the carbon cycle induced by an increase in atmospheric pCO 2 (Capriolo et al, 2021), resulted in a acidification of the ocean involved mainly bio-calcifiers organisms, such as corals, sponges and benthic bivalves, causing their extinction (Greene et al, 2012;Todaro et al, 2018). A decrease in carbonate productivity is also observed in several stratigraphic sections from Panthalassa (Guex et al, 2004;Ciarapica, 2007;Galli et al, 2007;Wignall et al, 2007;Ruhl et al, 2009) and the Tethyan realm in which the lithologies show a decrease of wt% carbonate at TJB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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End-Triassic Extinction in a Carbonate Platform From Western Tethys: A Comparison Between Extinction Trends and Geochemical Variations

et al. 2022

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The Triassic/Jurassic boundary section cropping out at Mt Sparagio in north-western Sicily (Italy) consists of a thick and continuous peritidal succession typical of a Tethyan carbonate platform. The combined chemostratigraphic and biostratigraphic study of this section allowed us to parallel the environmental variations inferred by the isotopic records and the extinction trends recorded by the benthic organisms. In the studied section, the isotope data of C, O, and S are indicative of serious environmental perturbations related to the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) activity, as recorded worldwide. Two negative excursions in the C-curve (Initial-CIE and Main-CIE) confirm the acidification processes that affected the benthic community. Moreover, the oxygen isotopes curve indicates a strong warming-trend that corresponds to the reduction in biodiversity and size of the megalodontoids in the upper part of the Rhaetian beds, probably due to the deterioration of the photosymbiotic relationships of these pelecypods. We here present some novel isotope data (Zn, Pb, Sr) from the Mt Sparagio section that offer additional clues on a tight control of CAMP volcanism on the End-Triassic Extinction.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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End-Triassic Extinction in a Carbonate Platform From Western Tethys: A Comparison Between Extinction Trends and Geochemical Variations

et al. 2022

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“…post-extinction interval of the upper Cotham Member, although potentially comparable facies of the Triletes Bed in Germany do not record anoxic deposition. A similar expansion of oxygen-poor conditions into exceptionally shallow waters has been recorded in the peritidal carbonates at Mount Sparagio (Sicily) in western Tethys based on a decline of I/(Ca + Mg) ratios at the time of extinction (He et al 2022b).…”

Section: Other Records Of Marine Anoxia During the Triassic-jurassic ...supporting

confidence: 63%

Dynamic ocean redox conditions during the end-Triassic mass extinction: Evidence from pyrite framboids

Song

Tian

et al. 2022

Global and Planetary Change

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“…The approximate location of Mt. Sparagio section was obtained from He, Newton, et al (2022). The paleogeographic maps are from Scotese (2016).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in animal abundance and oxygen availability during and after the end‐Triassic mass extinction

Singh

et al. 2022

Geobiology

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The end-Triassic biodiversity crisis was one of the most severe mass extinctions in the history of animal life. However, the extent to which the loss of taxonomic diversity was coupled with a reduction in organismal abundance remains to be quantified. Further, the temporal relationship between organismal abundance and local marine redox conditions is lacking in carbonate sections. To address these questions, we measured skeletal grain abundance in shallow-marine limestones by point counting 293 thin sections from four stratigraphic sections across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary in the Lombardy Basin and Apennine Platform of western Tethys. Skeletal abundance decreased abruptly across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary in all stratigraphic sections. The abundance of skeletal organisms remained low throughout the lower-middle Hettangian strata and began to rebound during the late Hettangian and early Sinemurian. A two-way ANOVA indicates that sample age (p < .01, η 2 = 0.30) explains more of the variation in skeletal abundance than the depositional environment or paleobathymetry (p < .01, η 2 = 0.15). Measured I/Ca ratios, a proxy for local shallow-marine redox conditions, show this same pattern with the lowest I/Ca ratios occurring in the early Hettangian. The close correspondence between oceanic water column oxygen levels and skeletal abundance indicates a connection between redox conditions and benthic organismal abundance across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary. These findings indicate that the end-Triassic mass extinction reduced not only the biodiversity but also the carrying capacity for skeletal organisms in early Hettangian ecosystems, adding to evidence that mass extinction of species generally leads to mass rarity among survivors.

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Shallow ocean oxygen decline during the end-Triassic mass extinction

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

End-Triassic Extinction in a Carbonate Platform From Western Tethys: A Comparison Between Extinction Trends and Geochemical Variations

End-Triassic Extinction in a Carbonate Platform From Western Tethys: A Comparison Between Extinction Trends and Geochemical Variations

Dynamic ocean redox conditions during the end-Triassic mass extinction: Evidence from pyrite framboids

Reduction in animal abundance and oxygen availability during and after the end‐Triassic mass extinction

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