Shallots in Croatia – genetics, morphology and nomenclature

Puizina, Jasna

doi:10.2478/botcro-2013-0016

Cited by 8 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…During the vegetative period, the accessions were evaluated according to descriptors for generative organs provided by (Puizina, 2013) and a list of ECP/GR descriptors for vegetatively propagated Allium species (IPGRI et al, 2001). Of the 13 coastal shallot accessions collected, only 10 entered reproductive phases, with a flowering period from June 10th to 14th, 2017.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are generally propagated by bulbs and are closely related to common onions. Recently, Puizina (2013) proposed that shallots in Croatia could be divided into three genotypes based on vegetative and generative morphological characteristics: A. cepa Aggregatum (2 n = 2 x = 16), A. × proliferum (Moench) Schard (2 n = 2 x = 16), and A.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Minor Allium crops in Croatia belong to three genetically and morphologically different, vegetatively reproduced relatives of the common onion, A. cepa L. (Puizina, 2013). Shallots belonging to A. cepa Aggregatum are no longer considered to be a different species, but are classified in the common onion group, as A. cepa L. species (Fritsch and Friesen, 2002; Rabinowitch and Kamenetsky, 2002; Brickell et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Biochemical Diversity of Shallot Landraces Preserved Along the Croatian Coast

et al. 2018

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Shallots are a valuable minor Allium crop, and are propagated vegetatively and maintained in home gardens across generations along the Croatian coast and island areas. Shallot landraces growing along the Croatian coast fall into three genotypes: Allium cepa Aggregatum group (2n = 2x = 16), A. × proliferum (Moench) Schard. (2n = 2x = 16), and A. × cornutum Clementi ex Vis. (2n = 3x = 24), among which A. × cornutum is the most widespread. The aim of this study was to differentiate shallot accessions collected from local farmers using morphological markers. Also, the chemical composition including phenolic content, phenolic profile, total antioxidant capacity, and mineral composition, of shallot accessions was compared with that of the local landraces of common onion, and with market available shallot and common onion cultivars. Based on morphological observations and using multivariate classification, shallot landraces were classified into three distinct groups. Properties, based on which A. × cornutum can be differentiated from A. cepa Aggregatum and A. × proliferum, are stamen morphology, stamen length, leaf and scape vegetative properties, number of bulbs in cluster, cluster mass, and bulb diameter. Flower diameter and flower pedicel length differentiate A. × cornutum and A. × proliferum from A. cepa Aggregatum. Significant variability was observed in the biochemical profiles across tested accessions. Compared with the commercial common onion cultivars, local shallot accessions have higher bulb N, P, and K content. The major phenolic compounds identified in shallots were quercetin-4′-glucoside and quercetin-3,4′-diglucoside. Additionally, several other minor phenolic compounds were also identified. Morphological and biochemical profiles were evaluated using Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. Specific morphological traits and biochemical markers for possible species identification are proposed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Biochemical Diversity of Shallot Landraces Preserved Along the Croatian Coast

et al. 2018

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“…Shallot is a common name for genetically and morphologically different species and genotypes that are cultivated all over the world and characterized by the edible, vegetatively reproduced bulbs gathered in clusters [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. The cultivation of shallot in Europe is based on either a small number of listed commercial cultivars, mostly from France and Italy (such are “Mikor”, “Jermor”, “French Grey Shallot”, “Giselle”, “Giselle Scalogno di Romagna”) or on the preservation of old landraces, ecotypes, and spontaneous hybrids in collections or home gardens [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shallot Species and Subtypes Discrimination Based on Morphology Descriptors

Perković

Major

Ban

et al. 2020

Plants

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Shallots are an edible Alliaceous crop representing a group of genetically and morphologically different species. Shallot species determination is rather complex due to the high variability in phenotypes within a single species. Flower morphology has been successfully employed in shallot species determination; however, shallot florogenesis depends upon many genetic and environmental factors. There is a need for more accessible morphological descriptors used in shallot species determination, since flowering in shallot may not be consistent. In this study, we investigated the discriminating power of shallot vegetative and bulb morphology descriptors. European Cooperative Programme for Plant Genetic Resources morphology descriptors were used for describing 35 Croatian shallot accessions. The proposed methodology based on vegetative and bulb morphological descriptors could be used for shallot species discrimination. Additionally, two subtypes of A. cepa Aggregatum group were identified in this study: the first being the shallot type (1) and a potato onion type (2), which differed based on bulb morphology descriptors (bulb shape, bulb skin color, and a number of bulblets).

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“…Его характерной особенностью является образование на семенных стрелках луковиц вместо цветков в 2, 3 и даже в 4 яруса. Наряду с луковицами, в соцветиях могут формироваться стерильные цветки (Puizina, 2013). В литературе можно встретить этот вид под названиями A. aobatum Araki и A. wakegi Araki -для образцов восточно-азиатской группы, или Allium cepa L. var.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Diversity of chromosomal composition in top onion (Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. ex Willd.) accessions from the VIR in vitro collection

Pendinen

Чернов

2020

Biotehnologiâ i selekciâ rastenij

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Background. Top onion, Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. ex Willd., 1809 (2n=2x=16), is a species that is characterized by vegetative propagation by air or underground bulbs only. Accessions of this species have been shown to be hybrids of Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum (Fiskesjo, 1975; Vosa, 1976; Schubert et al., 1983; Puizina and Papes, 1999). Accessions of Allium × proliferum were obtained from various sources and conserved in the in vitro collection of VIR. However, their pedigree was unknown, therefore there was a need to determine the ploidy level and genomic composition of these accessions.Materials and Methods. Thirteen Allium × proliferum accessions from the VIR in vitro collection were studied. To characterize the ploidy level and genomic composition of the accessions, the research employed FISH with chromosome-specific markers (5S and 18S/25S rDNA) and GISH with differentially labeled DNA of the putative parent species, i.e., A. cepa and A. fistulosum.Results. According to GISH, all the studied accessions were hybrids of A. cepa and A. fistulosum. Most (10 out of 13) accessions were determined as diploid hybrids with eight A. cepa and eight A. fistulosum chromosomes. The accession К 3206 turned out to be a diploid 16-chromosome hybrid with eight A. cepa, seven A. fistulosum chromosomes and one rearranged chromosome. Accessions К 3205 and К 3202 were found to be polyploids. The A. × proliferum accession К 3202 contained seven A. cepa and 16 A. fistulosum chromosomes. The accession К 3205 is characterized by the presence of 16 chromosomes hybridizing with A. cepa DNA and 13 chromosomes hybridizing with A. fistulosum DNA. Only one chromosome of A. fistulosum in this accession was revealed to have a 5s rDNA locus.Conclusions. The above shows that the collection contains top onion accessions with karyotypic differences.

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Shallots in Croatia – genetics, morphology and nomenclature

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Morphological and Biochemical Diversity of Shallot Landraces Preserved Along the Croatian Coast

Morphological and Biochemical Diversity of Shallot Landraces Preserved Along the Croatian Coast

Shallot Species and Subtypes Discrimination Based on Morphology Descriptors

Diversity of chromosomal composition in top onion (Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. ex Willd.) accessions from the VIR in vitro collection

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