Shallot latent virus, a new carlavirus

Bos, L.; Huttinga, H.; Maat, D. Z.

doi:10.1007/bf01987033

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Visual virus symptoms in the infected shallot plants, such as yellow mosaic and vertical yellow stripe which is characterized by either continuous or broken lines (Gunaeni et al, 2011). These symptoms was found in the infected shallot plants including infection by OYDV, SYSV and SLV (Bos et al, 1978;Duriat, 1990;Van Dijk, 1993;Van Dijk, 1994;Barg et al, 1994;Arisuryanti et al, 2008, Gunaeni et al, 2011.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elimination of shallot bulb viruses through heat treatment

2017

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Shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) is usually cultivated vegetatively. As a result, viruses tend to accumulate within the host plants and spread to healthy plants every crop cycle, reducing yield and bulb quality. There are a very limited number of studies about the elimination of shallot viruses through heat treatment. The objective of this research was to eliminate shallot viruses through heat treatment to produce virus-free plantlets.The leaves of Biru Lancor with specific visual virus symptoms were detected by Reverse TranscriptionPolymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Then bulbs of Biru Lancor that were positively infected by viruses were used as materials for heat treatment. The treatments were a control (without treatment), electric treatment at 15 mA for 10 minutes, heat treatment in an incubator at 37°C for 4 weeks, heat treatment in a waterbath at 45°C for 60 minutes, and combination of heat treatment in an incubator at 37°C for 4 weeks and heat treatment in a waterbath at 45°C for 60 minutes. After being subjected to heat treatment, the pseudo stem were cultivated in the MS Medium + 1 mg/L BAP + 1 mg/L IBA.Virus detection by RT-PCR was conducted 28 days after planting using samples of leaves from each plantlet.The results of this research showed that the treatments of electric treatment at 15 mA for 10 minutes and combination of heat treatment in the incubator at 37°C for 4 weeks and heat treatment in the waterbath at 45°C for 60 minutes could suppress the incidence of Shallot latent virus (SLV) until 100%. Heat treatment might have an important role in the degradation of virus particles by boosting Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) as plant responses to virus infection.

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Section: Results and Discussion Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…V, belonging to genus Carlavirus and family Betaflexiviridae, reportedly infected a ge of Allium (Bos et al, 1978). The particle of SLV is straight to slightly curved and ong.…”

Section: Tection Using Rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elimination of shallot bulb viruses through heat treatment

2017

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“…Shallot latent virus (SLV) described from shallot (A. cepa var. cepa) in the Netherlands (Bos et al, 1978). Their serological relationship was reported to be distant (Bos, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…ascalonicum) in the Netherlands (Bos et al, 1978), and 'garlic latent virus' described from garlic (A. sativum) in Japan (Lee et al, 1979), so far are the only biologically and serologically characterized carlaviruses of Allium spp. Shallot latent virus (SLV) described from shallot (A. cepa var.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carlavirus isolates from cultivated Allium species represent three viruses

Dijk¹

1993

Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology

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From 12 cultivated and mostly vegetatively propagated Allium species and varieties tested for carlavirus infections, 94 virus isolates were obtained which varied greatly on indicator hosts. Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Celosia argentea vat. plumosa 'Geisha', Nicotiana hesperis accession 67A and N. occidentalis accession P1 proved valuable for detection, isolation and propagation of part of the isolates. The latter three species are new experimental hosts for carlaviruses of Allium species. Other isolates could only be transmitted to Allium species such as crow garlic (A. vineale) leek (A. ampeloprasum var. porrum) and onion (A. cepa var. cepa). The isolates were grouped into three viruses by differential hosts and host reactions and their reaction with four antisera.Shallot latent virus (SLV) was found in ever-ready onion (A. cepa var. perutile), grey shallot (unidentified Allium species), multiplier onion (A. cepa var. aggregatum), pearl onion (A. ampeloprasum var. sectivum), rakkyo (A. chinense), shallot (A. cepa var. ascalonicum), and Welsh onion (A. fistulosum). Virus isolates from garlic and Asian shallot, fully reacting with antiserum to SLV but differing in host reactions from the SLV typeisolate, are now described as garlic strain (SLV-G) and Asian shallot strain of the virus, respectively. The 'garlic latent virus' from garlic described in Japan is now considered identical with SLV-G.A carlavirus almost universal in garlic, and also found in great-headed garlic (A. ampeloprasum var. holmense), in an unidentified Allium species, and occasionally in leek, did not react with the antisera to SLV and the Japanese 'garlic latent virus', and is now described as the new garlic common latent virus (GCLV). It appeared identical to a virus erroneously identified in Germany as garlic latent virus.The new Sint-Jan's-onion latent virus (SjoLV) from Utrechtse Sint-Jan's onion (unidentified Allium species) from the Netherlands and similar crops originating from other countries, did not induce reactions in test plants and could only be detected by electron microscope decoration tests. It reacted equally well with the antisera to SLV and GCLV. It was also present together with SLV in ever-ready onion, pearl onion, rakkyo, shallot, and Welsh onion. 'Garlic latent virus' reported in Japan from hosts other than garlic should be regarded as SLV, SjoLV, or a mixture of these viruses.The carlaviruses were not detected in wild plants of ramsons (A. ursinum), and of the predominantly vegetatively propagated crow garlic (A. vineate), field garlic (A. oteraceum), and sand leek (A. scorodoprasum), collected in the Netherlands.Severe reactions in the indicator hosts incidentally revealed soil-borne viruses in shallot (the nepoviruses Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) and tomato black ring virus) and crow garlic (ArMV and the tobravirus tobacco rattle virus). Tobacco necrosis virus (necrovirus) was detected in roots of shallot.

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“…The carlaviruses present in Alliaceae were misidentified for a long time. Shallot latent virus (SLV) was originally detected in shallots and then in garlic by several authors (Bos et al, 1978;Van Dijk, 1993;Barg et al, 1994;Tsuneyoshi et al, 1998;Torrico et al, 2010), whereas Garlic latent virus (GLV) was found in garlic by Lee et al (1979). However, biological and genomic comparisons of SLV and GLV showed that both viruses were in fact the same species (Van Dijk, 1993;Tsuneyoshi et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Garlic common latent virus in Argentina, and phylogenetic and recombination analyses of isolates

Torrico

Celli

Conci

et al. 2015

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of Garlic common latent virus (GarCLV) in the main production regions of garlic (Allium sativum) in Argentina, and to perform phylogenetic and recombination analyses in isolates from these regions. Leaf samples (3,050) were taken from four garlic commercial types, in 13 departments of the four main garlic-producing provinces of Argentina, in a 1,175-ha sampling area. Virus infection was evaluated with DAS-Elisa test using specific antiserum, and the phylogenetic and recombination analyses were done with capsid protein (CP) nucleotide sequence of seven GarCLV isolates from the provinces. The incidence of GarCLV in the evaluated provinces varied between 6.7 and 22% of the samples, whereas the prevalence varied between 52.6 and 70%. In the analysis of garlic commercial types, Morado showed the highest incidence of the virus, in the province of San Juan, whereas Rosado Paraguayo had the lowest incidence, in the province of Cordoba. Nucleotide identity in the CP sequences ranged between 80.3 and 97.6%. The phylogenetic analysis shows the presence of two main groups of GarCLV and of a possible third group that would include only a German isolate. The recombination analysis between isolates from different parts of the world evidences the presence of recombinant isolates from Poland and Australia.

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Shallot latent virus, a new carlavirus

Cited by 27 publications

References 7 publications

Elimination of shallot bulb viruses through heat treatment

Elimination of shallot bulb viruses through heat treatment

Carlavirus isolates from cultivated Allium species represent three viruses

Incidence of Garlic common latent virus in Argentina, and phylogenetic and recombination analyses of isolates

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