Shadow price of CO2 emissions in Indian thermal power sector

Jain, Rakesh; Kumar, Surender

doi:10.1007/s10018-018-0218-9

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Recent studies by Jain and Kumar (2018) and Murty and Nagpal (2019) derive estimates of the shadow prices of CO2 emissions for the Indian thermal power generation industry. Murty and Nagpal (2019) Additionally, there is an urgent need for air quality modelling information for megacities in India 10 to ensure that polluters are held liable using command-and-control regulations to realize ambient standards.…”

Section: Some Available Estimates Of the Shadow Prices Of Air And Water Pollution For Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Economic Instruments to Fix the Liability of Polluters in India

2021

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This review paper highlights the informational requirements for the effective use of environmental policy instruments to achieve ambient standards of pollution in India. A section on the Integrated Urban Air Pollution Assessment Model is attempted to identify data requirements for, and information gaps associated with, using these instruments. We review the available information and identify informational gaps that thwart the realization of ambient standards of environmental quality. In India, command-and-control instruments are arbitrarily used to assign liability without taking cognizance of economic estimates. The available cost–benefit estimates of air and water pollution, combined with air quality modelling for urban areas and water quality modelling, are essential inputs for using environmental policy instruments to ensure compliance with ambient standards. We discuss how to use economic estimates while designing and using economic instruments such as pollution taxes and pollution permits, in addition to command and control.

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Section: Some Available Estimates Of the Shadow Prices Of Air And Water Pollution For Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Economic Instruments to Fix the Liability of Polluters in India

2021

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“…Earlier studies used an output distance function to model joint-production of good and bad outputs (e.g., Färe et al, 1993;Coggins andSwinton, 1996, Swinton, 2002). Recent studies, following Färe et al (2005) employ a directional output distance function for measuring shadow prices of pollutants (e.g., Murty et al, 2007;Marklund and Samakovlis, 2007;Park and Lim, 2009;Matsushita and Asano, 2014;Fujii and Managi, 2015;Yagi et al;Halkos and Managi, 2017;Johnstone et al, 2017;Jain and Kumar, 2018). Färe and Grosskopf (1983) and Färe et al (1986) estimate the opportunity cost of pollution abatement, when the polluters are restricted to maintain an observed mix of good and bad outputs.…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 All coal-fired thermal power plants are making efforts to increase energy efficiency so as to reduce coal consumption, thereby resulting in a reduction in the emissions per unit of electricity. This has been achieved by the addition of units with higher capacity, which are lower in carbon intensity as compared to units of lower generation capacity (Jain and Kumar 2018). Since the CO 2 emission intensity of coal-fired electricity generation has been declining in India, the prevailing technology is assumed to be regulated technology and is compared with a counterfactual unregulated scenario for the purpose of estimating the CMC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost of CO2 emission mitigation and its decomposition: evidence from coal-fired thermal power sector in India

Kumar

Jain

2020

Empir Econ

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We estimate Carbon Mitigation Cost (CMC), and the factors determining change in CMC using environmental production function. The CMC index is defined as the ratio of maximum production of electricity under unregulated and regulated production technology. Change in CMC index is decomposed into technical change, scale change and change in the level of CO 2 emissions. The production function is estimated for 45 coal-fired thermal power plants over the period of 2008 -2012 using Data Envelopment Analysis. Decomposition of CMC change reveals that impacts of changes in scale of operation and CO 2 emissions were more than the reduced costs realized due to technical changes. We find that the sample plants in Indian coal-fired thermal power sector had to sacrifice about 3.5 percent of electricity production amounting to 2005US$ 1702 million of revenue loss over the 5 years due to regulation of CO 2 emissions.

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“…The shadow price considers the overall cost factors including the social and external cost that a producer should bear [29]. The technical efficiency and shadow price of different pollutants for different industrial plants have been discussed, for example, CO 2 in thermal power sector [30], and in iron and steel industry [31], CO 2 , SO 2 , and NO x in coal power industry [32,33], SO 2 in electric utilities [34]. We apply the shadow price of the tourism-related industry to reveal the cost incurred when reducing pollutant emission from the whole life cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Environmental Impact and Cost of the Tourism-Induced CO2, NOx, SOx Emission in China

Shi

2021

Sustainability

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Tourism, as one economic activity, results in a full range of environmental impacts globally as well as in China. However, the evaluation of environmental impacts is insufficient because of the strong correlation effect between tourism and other industries. This study attempted to assess the environmental impact and cost of the tourism-induced pollutant emissions (in a broad sense) at the national scale through constructing the environmental-economic input-output model. Our results suggested that the China’s total emission of CO2, NOx, SOx related to tourism industry increased from 42 × 106 t, 162 kt, 345 kt in 1995 to 157 × 106 t, 527 kt, 854 kt in 2009. The indirect CO2, NOx, and SOx emissions of tourism and related industries were nearly 6.8–11 times of their direct emission in travel agency. Most of these indirect emissions (73% of CO2 in 2009, 54% of NOx in 1995, 62% of SOx in 2009) are derived from the energy plants and industrial sectors. The sustainable tourism should largely depend on the realization of sustainable mobility and transportation, through the low-emission behavior and energy-saving technology. The emission reduction cost of tourism industry in China was 30,170 and 172,812 million CNY in 1995 and 2009, accounting for nearly 14% of the total tourism revenue.

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Shadow price of CO2 emissions in Indian thermal power sector

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Using Economic Instruments to Fix the Liability of Polluters in India

Using Economic Instruments to Fix the Liability of Polluters in India

Cost of CO2 emission mitigation and its decomposition: evidence from coal-fired thermal power sector in India

Assessing the Environmental Impact and Cost of the Tourism-Induced CO2, NOx, SOx Emission in China

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