SHA 060. The impact of different coronary risk factors on the degree of coronary calcification in the Saudi population

Abstract

Background & Aim: The amount of coronary calcification measured by coronary computed tomography (CCT) correlates with increased risk of coronary events. We aimed to measure the effect of coronary risk factors on the degree of coronary calcification in clinically indicated CCT studies in the Saudi population.Methods: Clinically indicated patients were scanned using 64 slice CCT to measure Agatston coronary calcification score.Results: 1287 patients were scanned with mean age of 52 ± 13.2 years, 65% males, & 35% females. Chest pain was the indication in 80% of cases. There was 37% diabetic, 58% hypertensive, 23.6% hyperlipidemic, 13% smoker, and 32% with family history of coronary daises. The mean calcium score was high in males compared to females, 99.6 ± 341, and 54.2 ± 182, P < 0.001, in patients P40 years compared to <40 years, 92.5 ± 314, and 6.1 ± 39.4, P < 0.0001, in diabetic pat, compared to non-diabetic, 125.9 ± 387, and 52.7 ± 212, P < 0.0001, in hypertensive pat compared to non-hypertensive, 114.8 ± 360, and 25 ± 107, P < 0.0001, in hyperlipidemic pat compared to non-hyperlipidemic, 177.5 ± 407, and 44 ± 222, P < 0.0001, in n patients with body mass index P25 compared to those <25, 72 ± 295, and 45 ± 141, P < 0.05 and in patients with HbA1c P8 compared to <8, 152 ± 467, and 76.4 ± 365, P < 0.01.Conclusion: Coronary calcification is significantly higher in patients with classical coronary risk factors. Poorly controlled diabetes is associated with higher risk of coronary calcification. Background: Femoral arterial sheath thrombosis and distal embolization is a well-recognized complication of cardiac catheterization and may result in serious comorbidities like acute leg ischemia. Heparinized saline flushes are used during diagnostic coronary angiography to prevent thrombus formation within the lumen of the sheath. However, the use of prophylactic intravenous heparin following the femoral arterial sheath insertion is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2000 units' heparin intravenous bolus versus saline placebo on thrombus formation within arterial sheath during the diagnostic coronary angiography.Methods: Eligible patients were randomized to receive either study drug or placebo at the time of femoral sheath insertion. Arterial access was obtained via femoral arterial approach using access 6F-7F sheaths and catheters. The sheath was aspirated and flushed for presence of thrombus after each catheter exchange and at the end of the procedure. Five milliliters of blood was extracted and visualized on clean gauze and if thrombus was noticed further aspiration was performed followed by saline flush. The primary end point was the effectiveness of study drug on reducing the incidence of sheath-thrombus formation.Results: 304 patients were randomized into two arms: 147 patients received intravenous heparin and 157 patient received placebo. The baseline characteristics were similar. Sheath thrombi were observed in 20% of the total cohort.Of the heparin arm, 12% (19 patients) dev...