SGO White Paper on Ovarian Cancer: Etiology, Screening and Surveillance

Schorge, John O.; Modesitt, Susan C.; Coleman, Robert L.; Cohn, David E.; Kauff, Noah D.; Duska, Linda R.; Herzog, Thomas J.

doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.06.003

Cited by 135 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…In the U.S. alone, over 14,000 women die each year from ovarian cancer [7]. Among the risk factors for ovarian cancer is heredity, which accounts for up to 25 % of cases [8][9][10][11][12]. Familial ovarian cancer has been most widely identified in relation to the hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome, with germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumor suppressor genes 1 being responsible for the vast majority of HBOC.…”

Section: Dimensions Of the Problem: Impact And Risk Of Ovarian Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy for ovarian cancer diagnostics: quantification by the fast Padé transform

Belkić

2016

J Math Chem

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Early-stage ovarian cancer has an excellent prognosis, but due mainly to late detection, ovarian cancer remains a major cause of cancer deaths among women. In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) would be an excellent candidate for early ovarian cancer detection, being non-invasive, surpassing anatomic imaging to identify metabolic features of cancer, and free of ionizing radiation. However, the present meta-analysis of 13 studies indicates that with conventional Fourier-based processing, in vivo MRS insufficiently distinguished 134 cancerous from 114 benign ovarian lesions. The fast Padé transform (FPT), an advanced signal processor with high-resolution and parametric (quantification-equipped) capabilities is best qualified for MRS time signals from the ovary, as demonstrated in our earlier proof-of-concept studies. We now apply the FPT to MRS time signals encoded in vivo on a 3 T scanner, echo time of 30 ms, from a borderline serous cystic ovarian tumor. The FPT-produced total shape spectrum was better resolved than with Fourier processing. Spectra averaging through the FPT generated a denoised total shape spectrum. Subsequent parametric analysis reconstructed dense component spectra in the "usual" mode: absorption and dispersion components mixed and "ersatz" mode: reconstructed phases set to zero, thus eliminating interference effects. Numerous metabolites, including potential cancer biomarkers, were identified and quantified by the FPT, including isoleucine, valine, lipids, lactate, alanine, lysine, N-acetyl aspartate, N-acetylneuraminic acid, gluta- mine, choline, phosphocholine, myoinositol. Many of these are difficult or impossible to detect with Fourier plus fitting techniques for in vivo MRS of the ovary. These Padé-generated results are promising, overcoming major barriers hindering MRS from becoming a key method for non-invasively assessing ovarian lesions.

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Section: Dimensions Of the Problem: Impact And Risk Of Ovarian Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several other gene mutations also appear to be associated with HBOC or other hereditary ovarian cancers. The Lynch syndrome characterized by non-polyposis colorectal cancer also includes increased risk of ovarian cancer, as well as endometrial cancer [9,12].…”

Section: Dimensions Of the Problem: Impact And Risk Of Ovarian Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy for ovarian cancer diagnostics: quantification by the fast Padé transform

Belkić

2016

J Math Chem

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“…Precursors for ovarian cancer should be "morphologically recognizable lesions that are reproducible thereby permitting early clinical intervention" 24 . It has been generally accepted that ovarian cancer originates from the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) or from postovulatory inclusion cysts, and one hypothesis is that incessant ovulation is the main pathogenic mechanism 25,26 . Yet, recent evaluation of pathologic specimens has also suggested that a greater proportion of "ovarian" cancers may actually originate in the fimbriated end of the fallopian tube with metastasis to the ovary 26,27 .…”

Section: Challenges In Ovarian Cancer Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This benefit has also been reported in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations 113 and for most histological subtypes 114 . It is estimated that OCPs have prevented 200,000 ovarian cancers and 100,000 deaths 25 . (2) Parity is a protective factor for ovarian cancer 25 .…”

Section: Prevention By Risk Reducing Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive Strategies in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Mantia‐Smaldone¹,

Scholler²

2012

Ovarian Cancer - Clinical and Therapeutic Perspectives

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“…9 Therefore, premenopausal women at risk for ovarian cancer face the dilemma of choosing between definitive risk reduction with potential significant medical and psychosocial consequences versus inadequate risk reduction and screening but preservation of endocrinologic functions. Westin et al from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center explore the consequence of this dilemma in their report, Satisfaction with Ovarian Carcinoma Risk Reduction Strategies for Women at High Risk for Ovarian and Breast Cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Measuring success in ovarian cancer risk reducing strategies

Goodman

2011

Cancer

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The majority of women with ovarian cancer have no identifiable predisposing historic or genetic risk factors. However, approximately 10% of these women have either a BRCA 1 or 2 gene mutation, 2 or more close relatives with breast or ovarian cancer, a personal history of breast cancer, or an Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry. 1 While there continues to be no effective ovarian cancer screening test for the general population who have a 1.5% lifetime cancer risk, the subset of women with identifiable risk factors and lifetime ovarian cancer risk of up to 50% have been the focus of intense screening scrutiny. 2 There is clear evidence that the surgical removal of both ovaries and fallopian tubes (risk reducing salpingo-oophorectomy-RRSO) reduces the chance of developing ovarian cancer by up to 96%. 3 Given this stunning, life-saving success, one must ask if risk reducing surgery should be unambivalently offered to all women identified at risk. Ovarian cancers associated with BRCA mutations are diagnosed at a younger age than sporadic ovarian cancers. 4 It may be that cancer risk reduction is greater for women who undergo surgery before the age of 50. 5 The consequence of surgical menopause is not insignificant. Women less than 45 years old who undergo oophorectomy may have an increased mortality from cardiac disease. 6 Women who do not take estrogen replacement therapy out of choice or due to contraindications may suffer from sleep disturbances, vaginal dryness, and vasomotor symptoms, and a reduction in libido has been reported in 20% of women with surgical menopause. 7 Loss of reproductive potential and psychological body image alteration may also influence women's choices against surgical risk reduction.While CA 125 and transvaginal ultrasound screening (periodic screening-PS) has been reported to reduce the stage at which ovarian cancer is detected, 8 the recent ''SGO White paper'' reports that there is no proof that mortality is decreased with routine screening for ovarian cancer in either the high-risk or general populations by pelvic examinations, serum markers, or sonograms. 9 Therefore, premenopausal women at risk for ovarian cancer face the dilemma of choosing between definitive risk reduction with potential significant medical and psychosocial consequences versus inadequate risk reduction and screening but preservation of endocrinologic functions. Westin et al from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center explore the consequence of this dilemma in their report, Satisfaction with Ovarian Carcinoma Risk Reduction Strategies for Women at High Risk for Ovarian and Breast Cancer. 10 Using a series of validated instruments looking at satisfaction, quality of life, demographics, and beliefs, the authors surveyed high risk women who had chosen either PS or RRSO. Of the 544 women who were sent surveys, 58% returned surveys and after exclusions a total of 182 patients were analyzed. There were 120 women who chose PS and 62 who chose RRSO. The 2 groups were of similar ages and menopausal status. Seventy-four perce...

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SGO White Paper on Ovarian Cancer: Etiology, Screening and Surveillance

Cited by 135 publications

References 107 publications

In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy for ovarian cancer diagnostics: quantification by the fast Padé transform

In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy for ovarian cancer diagnostics: quantification by the fast Padé transform

Preventive Strategies in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Measuring success in ovarian cancer risk reducing strategies

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