Sexually transmitted diseases and infertility

CatesJr., W.; McKenna, Patrick H.

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-1308-1_48

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Primary prevention of infertility is one of the most important factors for decreasing its incidence (5). Several studies have established that increasing age (6)(7)(8)(9)(10) and sexually transmitted infections (11)(12)(13)(14)(15) are important causes that can lead to a sharp increase in the incidence of infertility. Other research has identified the adverse impact of lifestyle factors such as smoking, diet, and exercise on fertility (5,(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infertility Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs of College Students in Grenada

Rouchou¹,

Forde

2015

SJPH

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The knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of college students in Grenada about infertility were assessed using a paper-based survey. The target population was students who attended the only college located on the island of Grenada. Five hundred and eight college students over the age of 16 out of the 1,946 students enrolled in the college at the time of the survey participated in this study with females comprising 65.7% (n = 334). The main research outcome measures for this study were to determine the level of knowledge of Grenadian college students on the causes of infertility as well as their knowledge of possible treatment options. Overall, while there was a moderate level of knowledge among both males and females with regards to the risk factors that may cause infertility, over 73% of the students believed that infertility may be caused by God's will and approximately 58% believed in the power of prayer to treat infertility. While a greater proportion of female students answered more questions correctly in comparison to their male counterparts, there was a notable lack of basic knowledge among all Grenadian college students about the causes of infertility with the overall perception that women are more likely to become infertile due to any number of causes that are of equal risk to both men and women. Further, this survey found that there are greater stigmas attached to male infertility than to female infertility. Education programs and community support groups are recommended to increase knowledge about the causes of infertility as well as decrease the stigma associated with this condition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infertility Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs of College Students in Grenada

Rouchou¹,

Forde

2015

SJPH

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“…Syphilis and other curable STIs seem to pose a substantial public health problem in Madagascar, although available information is scant. Infertility data can provide an indirect measurement of the magnitude of the STI problem in a population, as untreated gonorrhea and chlamydial infections, and possibly bacterial vaginosis, can ascend into the upper female genital tract and cause infertility due to damaged fallopian tubes (Wasserheit & Holmes 1992; Cates & Brunham 1999). In a study that compared patterns and predictors of infertility among women in 27 African nations, Madagascar was found to have infertility rates within the highest quartile (Ericksen & Brunette 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually transmitted infections and associated socio‐demographic and behavioural factors in women seeking primary care suggest Madagascar’s vulnerability to rapid HIV spread

Behets

Andriamiadana

Rasamilalao

et al. 2001

Tropical Med Int Health

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Summary OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES To examine sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and associated socio-demographic and behavioural factors in women seeking care for genital discharge syndrome in Antananarivo, Madagascar. METHODSMETHODS One thousand and sixty-six consecutive symptomatic women were interviewed and examined; bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis, trichomoniasis (TV), cervical infection (CI) due to chlamydial or gonococcal infections, and syphilis seroreactivity were determined by laboratory diagnosis. Associations between STIs and individual characteristics were evaluated using bivariate and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS RESULTSThe prevalence of BV, TV, CI, and syphilis seroreactivity was, respectively, 85%, 16%, 49%, 16% in 94 prostitutes; 70%, 18%, 30%, 13% in 96 occasional sex traders; and 53%, 24%, 17%, and 4% in 876 general women. CI was independently and positively associated with a symptomatic partner, new sex partner in last 3 months, unfaithful partner, prostitution, joblessness and being < 25 years old. Syphilis was associated with low schooling, young age at coital debut, sex trading, and > 1 sex partner in the previous 3 months. CONCLUSIO NSCONCLUSIONS These high STI rates and associated characteristics suggest the local vulnerability to rapid HIV spread and show the need for prevention efforts that involve youth, prostitutes, occasional sex traders, sex clients, and men who have concurrent sexual partnerships.keywords STIs, HIV, sex workers, behavioural risk factors, socio-demographic factors, Symptomatic women, Madagascar correspondence Frieda Behets,

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“…The integrity of the reproductive organs is a requirement for optimal fertility, and this can be compromised by sexually transmitted infections (7,11,20). In men, the penile urethra is the portal of entry for pathogens such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, and urethritis is the most common clinical syndrome (8).…”

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Distinct Defensin Profiles inNeisseria gonorrhoeaeandChlamydia trachomatisUrethritis Reveal Novel Epithelial Cell-Neutrophil Interactions

et al. 2005

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Defensins are key participants in mucosal innate defense. The varied antimicrobial activity and differential distribution of defensins at mucosal sites indicate that peptide repertoires are tailored to site-specific innate defense requirements. Nonetheless, few studies have investigated changes in peptide profiles and function after in vivo pathogen challenge. Here, we determined defensin profiles in urethral secretions of healthy men and men with Chlamydia trachomatis-and Neisseria gonorrhoeae-mediated urethritis by immunoblotting for the epithelial defensins HBD1, HBD2, and HD5 and the neutrophil defensins HNP1 to -3 (HNP1-3). HBD1 was not detectable in secretions, and HBD2 was only induced in a small proportion of the urethritis patients; however, HD5 and HNP1-3 were increased in C. trachomatis infection and significantly elevated in N. gonorrhoeae infection. When HNP1-3 levels were low, HD5 appeared mostly as the propeptide; however, when HNP1-3 levels were >10 g/ml, HD5 was proteolytically processed, suggesting neutrophil proteases might contribute to HD5 processing. HD5 and HNP1-3 were bactericidal against C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae, but HD5 activity was dependent upon N-terminal processing of the peptide. In vitro proteolysis of proHD5 by neutrophil proteases and analysis of urethral secretions by surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization substantiated that neutrophils contribute the key convertases for proHD5 in the urethra during these infections. This contrasts with the small intestine, where Paneth cells secrete both proHD5 and its processing enzyme, trypsin. In conclusion, we describe a unique defensin expression repertoire in response to inflammatory sexually transmitted infections and a novel host defense mechanism wherein epithelial cells collaborate with neutrophils to establish an antimicrobial barrier during infection.

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Sexually transmitted diseases and infertility

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Infertility Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs of College Students in Grenada

Infertility Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs of College Students in Grenada

Sexually transmitted infections and associated socio‐demographic and behavioural factors in women seeking primary care suggest Madagascar’s vulnerability to rapid HIV spread

Distinct Defensin Profiles inNeisseria gonorrhoeaeandChlamydia trachomatisUrethritis Reveal Novel Epithelial Cell-Neutrophil Interactions

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