Sexually transmitted diseases among randomly selected attenders at an antenatal clinic in The Gambia.

Mabey, David; Lloyd-Evans, N.; Conteh, Sorie; Forsey, T.

doi:10.1136/sti.60.5.331

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The diVerence between the 16-20 year old group and >40 year old group was statistically significant. As was expected, the prevalence was highest in the younger age groups (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). We have shown that pelvic inflamma-tory disease caused by C trachomatis is an important problem in the NT 22 and the high prevalence results of this study are therefore not surprising.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…13 Our study used a more sensitive diagnostic technique, and a more representative population sample, and estimated the prevalence to be 25%, which is consistent with other studies in disadvantaged populations in which the prevalence ranges from 24.7% to 49%. [14][15][16][17][18] In our studies T vaginalis was detected in less than 1% of non-indigenous women (data not shown), most likely reflecting major diVerences in the opportunity for diagnosis and treatment and health seeking behaviour over many years between the two groups. 1 The increase in prevalence of the condition with age is of considerable interest as it is not seen in the other STDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

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Estimating the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and human papillomavirus infection in indigenous women in northern Australia

Bowden

Paterson

Mein

et al. 1999

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Objective: To estimate more accurately the age specific prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and human papillomavirus infection (HPV) in indigenous women living in urban, rural, and remote areas of the "Top End" of the Northern Territory (NT). Design: Analysis of data obtained from two community based studies using self administered tampon specimens tested by polymerase chain reaction for sexually transmitted disease (STD). Data pertaining to the notifiable STDs (N gonorrhoeae and C trachomatis) were obtained from the NT health department. Patients: 1090 indigenous women (age range 12-73 years) were enrolled when they attended local community health centres, family planning clinics, and STD clinics. The majority attended clinics in their home community in the course of "well women's checks" which encourage women to undergo screening for a variety of general medical conditions. Results: The overall prevalence of T vaginalis, C trachomatis, N gonorrhoeae, and HPV was 0.25 (95% CI: 0.22-0.28), 0.11 (0.09-0.13), 0.17 (0.15-0.19), and 0.42 (0.37-0.48) respectively. Of the women found to be infected (excluding HPV), 25.5% had two or more of the above organisms detected. There was a statistically significant increase in the age specific prevalence of T vaginalis but a significant decrease with age for C trachomatis and HPV infection. There was no statistically significant change for N gonorrhoeae with age. Conclusions: STDs are hyperendemic in this population of indigenous women and the notification data significantly underestimate their prevalence. Distinct patterns of age specific prevalence were demonstrated, highlighting the need to tailor control strategies to specific epidemiological features. (Sex Transm Inf 1999;75:431-434)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Estimating the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and human papillomavirus infection in indigenous women in northern Australia

Bowden

Paterson

Mein

et al. 1999

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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“…Current use of oral contraceptives (OC) was significantly positively associated with gonorrhoea, multivariate OR = 1-75 95% CI [1P05, 2-93], but inversely associated with trichomoniasis, multivariate OR = 0-71 95% CI [0.54, 0-94] (table 1). Use of the intrauterine device was non-significantly positively associated with both trichomoniasis, multivariate OR 1-69 [0.90, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and syphilis, multivariate OR 191 [0-52, 7-10]. Condom use was very low even in this population of women using family planning; only 4-6% of women reported regular condom use and 20% reported infrequent condom use.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases among women attending family planning clinics in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.

Gertig

Kapiga

Shao

et al. 1997

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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“…A high prevalence of vaginal infections such as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) has been observed among both pregnant, [1][2][3][4] and non-pregnant women, [5][6][7] in Africa. Both BV and TV are associated with a number of adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, and low birthweight infants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of effectiveness of syndromic management in targeting vaginal infections in pregnancy in Entebbe, Uganda

Tann

Mpairwe²,

Morison³

et al. 2006

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Objectives: To measure the prevalence of reproductive tract infections (RTIs) during pregnancy in Entebbe, Uganda, and to evaluate the current syndromic diagnosis and management approach in effectively targeting infections, such as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and trichomoniasis, that are associated with low birth weight and prematurity among newborns. Methods: We enrolled 250 antenatal clinic attenders. Vaginal swabs and diagnostic tests were performed for BV, Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), candida, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and for HIV-1 and active (TPHA+/RPR+) syphilis infection. Same day treatment was offered for symptoms according to syndromic management guidelines. The treatment actually provided by healthcare workers was documented. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were used to assess the effectiveness of syndromic management guidelines and practice. Results: The prevalence of infections were: BV 47.7%, TV 17.3%, candida 60.6%, gonorrhoea 4.3%, chlamydia 5.9%, syphilis 1.6%, and HIV 13.1%. In total, 39.7% of women with BV and 30.2% of those with TV were asymptomatic. The sensitivity of syndromic management as applied by health workers in targeting BV and TV was 50.0% and 66.7%, respectively. This would have increased to 60.3% (BV) and 69.8% (TV) had the algorithm been followed exactly. Conclusions: The prevalence of BV and TV seen in this and other African populations is high. High rates of asymptomatic infection and a tendency of healthcare workers to deviate from management guidelines by following their own personal clinical judgment imply that many vaginal infections remain untreated. Alternative strategies, such as presumptive treatment of BV and TV in pregnancy, should be considered.

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Sexually transmitted diseases among randomly selected attenders at an antenatal clinic in The Gambia.

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Estimating the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and human papillomavirus infection in indigenous women in northern Australia

Estimating the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and human papillomavirus infection in indigenous women in northern Australia

Risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases among women attending family planning clinics in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.

Lack of effectiveness of syndromic management in targeting vaginal infections in pregnancy in Entebbe, Uganda

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