Sexual violence and suicide risk in the transgender population: the mediating role of proximal stressors

Cogan, Chelsea M.; Scholl, James A.; Lee, Jenny Y.; Cole, Hannah; Davis, Joanne L.

doi:10.1080/19419899.2020.1729847

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Specifically, an increase in distal stress was associated with an increase in internalized transphobia and negative expectations about the future, and an increase in those two proximal stressors was associated with a decrease in PTG. This finding is consistent with prior studies focused on the TNB population (e.g., Barr et al, 2021;Cogan et al, 2021;Testa et al, 2017), minority stress theory (Brooks, 1981;Meyer, 2003), and the GMSR model (Testa, Habarth, et al, 2015). The present study extended the existing literature by demonstrating that this finding generalizes to the growth-based outcome of PTG.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…For example, Barr et al (2021) found that internalized transphobia partially mediated the relationship between both antitransgender bias (i.e., discrimination, rejection, victimization) and nonaffirmation in relation to posttraumatic stress symptoms; however, that study did not consider the role of other proximal stressors (e.g., negative expectations, concealment) or resilience factors. Similarly, Cogan et al (2021) found that proximal stressors, which consisted of internalized transphobia, negative expectations for future events, and concealment, partially mediated the relationship between sexual violence (i.e., distal stressor) and suicide risk; however, that study only assessed one type of distal stressor and did not consider the role of resiliency. Furthermore, Testa et al (2017) found that internalized transphobia and negative expectations, but not concealment, mediated the relationship between rejection, nonaffirmation, and victimization in relation to suicidal ideations; however, they did not include any resilience factors in their study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Minority stress and posttraumatic growth in the transgender and nonbinary community.

Jones¹,

Wehner²,

Andrade³

et al. 2022

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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The present study tested the gender minority stress and resilience model in a transgender and nonbinary sample. The outcome of interest was posttraumatic growth (PTG). A total of 292 people who identified as transgender and/or nonbinary completed an online survey including measures of distal stressors, proximal stressors, resilience factors, and PTG. The present study supported two primary results: (a) there were indirect associations between distal stressors and PTG via internalized transphobia and negative expectations about the future, but not nondisclosure of identity, and (b) resilience factors were related to PTG independent of distal and proximal stressors. Although the results were consistent with components of the gender minority stress and resilience model, some aspects of the model were not supported, particularly the hypothesized roles of nondisclosure of identity and resilience. Thus, further research is needed to investigate and articulate the complex relationships between distal stress, proximal stress, resilience, and growth-based outcomes. Public Significance StatementViolence, discrimination, and stigma negatively impact the mental health of individuals who identify as transgender and/or nonbinary via an increase in negative thoughts about themselves and their future. Strategies that enhance resiliency, such as community building, may be particularly promising avenues to promote posttraumatic growth within the transgender and nonbinary community.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Minority stress and posttraumatic growth in the transgender and nonbinary community.

Jones¹,

Wehner²,

Andrade³

et al. 2022

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some measures were validated in TGD populations, so are appropriate to capture TGD experiences. Perhaps unsurprisingly, these were TGD-specific measures (e.g., Gender Minority Resilience Model [ 39 , 67 , 91 , 79 , 43 , [51] , [52] , [53] , 59 ]; Transgender Congruence Scale [ 13 , 43 ]; Transgender Identity Survey [ 78 ]; Hamburg Body Drawing Scale [ 55 , 50 ]. See Table 2 for full list of risk and protective factor measures used across all studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both sexual assault/rape [ 74 , 52 , 54 , 75 , 85 , 90 , 58 ] and physical assault [ 4 , 81 , 88 , 103 , 48 , 71 , 40 , 85 , 90 , 100 ] are strongly correlated with TGD self-harm. All studies examining these factors recorded significant results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk and protective factors for self-harm thoughts and behaviours in transgender and gender diverse people: A systematic review

Bird,

Arcelus,

Matsagoura

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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“…In particular, minority stress theory examines minority status (gender and sexual minority identities) and associations related to experiences of stigma, direct and indirect victimization, chronic stress, and mental health problems (Burton et al, 2013; Meyer, 2003; Testa et al, 2015). For example, Cogan et al (2020) reported that proximal stressors (e.g., internalized stress related to gender identity) partially mediated the relationship between sexual violence and suicide risk in a transgender sample. Similarly, a study with MSM sample, reported that experiences of discrimination due to sexual orientation and suicidal ideation was associated with sexual violence experience (Sabidó et al, 2015).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyvictimization, Sex Work, and Depressive Symptoms Among Transgender Women and Men Who Have Sex With Men

Srivastava

Davis

Patel

et al. 2021

J Interpers Violence

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This article examined the association among polyvictimization, sex work, and depressive symptomology among transgender women and men who have sex with men (MSM) in India. Data comes from a cross-sectional epidemiological study with 1,366 transgender women (from three states) and 2,182 MSM participants from five states of India. Multivariate regressions were used to examine how polyvictimization and sex work are associated with depressive symptoms. In total, 70% of transgender women and 44% of MSM participants in the sample reported being in sex work; 30% of transgender women and 17% of MSM reported at least one experience of abuse in last 6 months. In bivariate analysis, transgender women in sex work were more likely to report sexual abuse, and MSM in sex work more likely to report all types of abuse (physical, sexual, verbal, and property), compared to their peers. In multivariate models (with transgender women and MSM), increase in endorsement on types of abuses (polyvictimization) and being in sex work were associated with higher odds of reporting depressive symptoms. Both models controlled for age and marital status, while the model with transgender women also controlled for gender transitioning, and the model with MSM controlled for identity typology. National intervention program on HIV risk reduction must prioritize victimization screening and crisis management as part of their work. In addition, the interventions must be responsive to the diversity of the population, including those who engage in sex work, and address issues of access and support to gender transitioning services, and focus on psychosocial interventions to reduce stress due to gender-based stigma and discrimination among transgender women and MSM.

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Sexual violence and suicide risk in the transgender population: the mediating role of proximal stressors

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Minority stress and posttraumatic growth in the transgender and nonbinary community.

Minority stress and posttraumatic growth in the transgender and nonbinary community.

Risk and protective factors for self-harm thoughts and behaviours in transgender and gender diverse people: A systematic review

Polyvictimization, Sex Work, and Depressive Symptoms Among Transgender Women and Men Who Have Sex With Men

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