Sexual Victimization Among African American Adolescent Females

Cecil, Heather; Matson, Stacy

doi:10.1177/0886260505281606

Cited by 41 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Participants were considered to have experienced force if they endorsed the use of physical force on any of the behaviorally defined rape items. Reliability and validity for this revised version of the SES has not yet been established; however, prior forms of the SES have shown adequate test-retest reliabilities as well as convergent validity with other measures of sexual victimization for female participants (Cecil & Matson, 2006;Gylys & McNamara, 1996;Koss, Figueredo, Bell, Tharan, & Tromp, 1996;Koss & Gidycz, 1985;Krahe, Reimer, Scheinberger-Olwig, & Fritsche, 1999;Messman-Moore, Long, & Siegried, 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Men’s acknowledgment of their sexual victimization experiences.

Artime¹,

McCallum²,

Peterson³

2014

Psychology of Men & Masculinity

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Sexual victimization of boys and men is understudied despite its alarming prevalence and potentially detrimental outcomes. Research suggests that the majority of men who have experienced something that would qualify as child sexual abuse (CSA) or adult rape based on research definitions do not label their experiences as sexual abuse or rape. This study sought to examine men's labeling of their own victimization by examining acknowledgment of CSA and adult rape in a convenience sample of 323 men who completed an online survey. In this sample, 49% of CSA victims and 24% of rape victims used the labels of sexual abuse and rape, respectively. Correlates of CSA acknowledgment included the perpe trator's use of physical force during the incident. Correlates of rape acknowledgment included perpe trator's use of force and a male rather than a female perpetrator. Acknowledged CSA victims reported more distress and higher rates of adult sexual revictimization compared with unacknowledged CSA victims. Unacknowledged rape victims, but not acknowledged rape victims, reported higher rates of distress compared to non-victims. Rape myths and rigid definitions of masculinity are discussed as possible factors contributing to the high rates of unacknowledged sexual victimization in this sample.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Men’s acknowledgment of their sexual victimization experiences.

Artime¹,

McCallum²,

Peterson³

2014

Psychology of Men & Masculinity

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“…Although reliability and validity for the SES-SFV have yet to be examined, prior forms of the SES have shown evidence of test-retest reliability, with coefficients of .93 to .95 (Cecil & Matson, 2006;Koss & Gidycz, 1985;Krahé, Reimer, Scheinberger-Olwig, & Fritsche, 1999). The previous version of the SES demonstrated adequate convergent and construct validity as well (Cecil & Matson, 2006;Testa, Vanzile-Tamsen, Livingston, & Koss, 2004). Perceived wantedness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feelings of wantedness and consent during nonconsensual sex: Implications for posttraumatic cognitions.

Artime

Peterson

2015

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Social-cognitive models of traumatic stress have urged researchers to investigate the complex changes in victims' systems of belief following trauma. Among victims of rape, posttraumatic cognitions related to self-blame, safety, trust, intimacy, control, power, and esteem are common negative outcomes; yet there is great variability in the degree to which rape victims exhibit these reactions, and this remains unexplained. Two possible factors that may be relevant to the development of these posttraumatic cognitions are the extent to which the nonconsensual sexual act was internally perceived as nonconsensual by the victim and the extent to which it was internally perceived as unwanted by the victim. Although felt consent and perceived wanting are often conflated and rated dichotomously, there is evidence that they are distinct and may be experienced on a continuum. This study sought to examine the relationships among felt consent, wantedness, and posttraumatic cognitions in a sample of 189 undergraduate female victims of rape. Results demonstrated that perceived consent and perceived wantedness had unique and opposite relationships with posttraumatic cognitions: Greater felt consent was a risk factor for characterological and behavioral self-blame and maladaptive self-beliefs, but greater feelings of wanting to have sex constituted a protective factor for characterological self-blame, maladaptive self-beliefs, and maladaptive world-beliefs. A suppression effect was also identified, which provided evidence that perceived consent and wantedness work in tandem in the cognitive processing of rape. Clinical and research implications are discussed, with an emphasis on the importance of understanding and honoring victims' perceptions.

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“…For this study, a positive response to any of the first seven items in the SES-SFV was used to indicate that the person was sexually assaulted. Cronbach’s alpha values more than .70 have been reported (Cecil & Matson, 2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%