Sexual Transmission of Hepatitis C in MSM May Not Be Confined to Those with HIV Infection

Richardson, Daniel; Fisher, Martin; Sabin, Caroline

doi:10.1086/533454

Cited by 60 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…[34][35][36][37][38] Similar to crosssectional studies, CAI 32,37,39 and a history of syphilis 32,37 were also reported as risk factors for incident HCV infection. However, the association with CAI was only significant in non-IDU in one Swiss clinic-based study of 1543 HIV-positive men.…”

Section: Other Risk Factors In Addition To Injecting Drug Usementioning

confidence: 66%

“…61,62 Some longitudinal studies in Europe demonstrated an increase in HCV incidence in HIV-positive GBM since the late 1990s. 34,35,63,64 Most of those who acquired acute HCV infection did not report a history of injecting drug use, 27,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] with sexual contact being the mostly likely transmission route in these individuals. Behaviourally, this has coincided with the increasing practice of CAI and esoteric sexual practices, such as fisting, between partners of the same HIV status in the form of serosorting with the aim to minimise the HIV risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus among gay and bisexual men: a systematic review

2017

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Abstract.A systematic review was performed on the evidence of sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in gay and bisexual men (GBM). Studies conducted in industrialised countries and published in English from 2000 to 2015 with data on HCV in GBM were included. Pooled estimates of prevalence and incidence of HCV infection were stratified by study settings and participants' HIV status using random effect models. Case-series reports were summarised descriptively. Of the 38 cross-sectional studies, the pooled HCV prevalence was substantially higher in HIV-positive men (8.3%, 95% CI: 6.7-9.9) than in HIV-negative men (1.5%, 95% CI 0.8-2.1), and higher in those who reported injecting drug use (34.8%, 95% CI 26.9-42.7) than in those who did not (3.5%, 95% CI 2.4-4.5). Of the 16 longitudinal studies, the pooled HCV incidence was markedly higher in clinic-based (7.0 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 4.6-9.5) than in community-based (1.4 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 0.7-2.1) studies, and in HIV-positive men (6.4 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 4.6-8.1) than in HIV-negative men (0.4 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 0-0.9). Since the early 2000s, 15 case-series reports increasingly pointed to the importance of sexual transmission of HCV in mainly HIV-positive men. Injecting drug use remained the major transmission route of HCV in GBM. Receptive condomless intercourse and concurrent ulcerative sexually transmissible infections are likely drivers that facilitated HCV sexual transmission in HIV-positive men. HCV incidence remains very low in HIV-negative GBM.

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Section: Other Risk Factors In Addition To Injecting Drug Usementioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus among gay and bisexual men: a systematic review

2017

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“…Although heterosexual transmission of HCV is uncommon, the higher levels of HCV RNA seen in the setting of HIV infection may facilitate transmission [154,155], particularly in the presence of other sexually transmitted infections such as infectious syphilis. This is of particular concern in the light of the recent rise of syphilis cases within the HIV community [1,3,[156][157][158][159][160][161]. There have been reports from several European countries, Australia and the USA of hepatitis C transmission within the homosexual HIV community linked to possible sexual transmission and/ or use of noninjecting recreational drugs, particularly snorting cocaine.…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

British HIV Association guidelines for the management of coinfection with HIV‐1 and hepatitis B or C virus 2010

et al. 2009

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“…First, several studies have demonstrated the increased incidence of HCV in HIV-positive MSM compared to HIV-negative MSM. 13,14 HIV may enhance the transmission and acquisition of HCV in a number of ways. HCV RNA is found more frequently in the semen of HIV-positive men (37.8%) than in those with HCV mono-infection (18.4%), and at higher levels.…”

Section: Evidence For Sexual Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C and sex

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Nelson

2016

Clinical Medicine

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Sexual Transmission of Hepatitis C in MSM May Not Be Confined to Those with HIV Infection

Cited by 60 publications

References 7 publications

Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus among gay and bisexual men: a systematic review

Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus among gay and bisexual men: a systematic review

British HIV Association guidelines for the management of coinfection with HIV‐1 and hepatitis B or C virus 2010

Hepatitis C and sex

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