Sexual stimulation between<i>Arthroderma simii</i>Stockd., Mackenzie &amp; Austwick and related species

Stockdale, P. M.

doi:10.1080/00362176885190321

Cited by 50 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Both mating types were isolated within group I of A. benhamiae strains, but only two mt2 strains were detected by PCR, a powerful method for screening a large population of isolates in order to tentatively detect strains of both mating types in a given species. In A. benhamiae strains of group II, only one mating type was detected, similar to the anthropophilic or zoophilic species Trichophyton rubrum, T. interdigitale and Trichophyton equinum, in which sexual reproduction has never been observed (Stockdale, 1968). A bias towards one particular mating type was observed for other dermatophyte species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

The dermatophyte species Arthroderma benhamiae: intraspecies variability and mating behaviour

Symoens

Jousson

Packeu

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Arthroderma benhamiae is a zoophilic dermatophyte belonging to the Trichophyton mentagrophytes species complex. Here, a population of A. benhamiae wild strains from the same geographical area (Switzerland) was studied by comparing their morphology, assessing their molecular variability using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 28S rRNA gene sequencing, and evaluating their interfertility. Sequencing of the ITS region and of part of the 28S rRNA gene revealed the existence of two infraspecific groups with markedly different colony phenotypes: white (group I) and yellow (group II), respectively. For all strains, the results of mating type identification by PCR, using HMG (high-mobility group) and a-box genes in the mating type locus as targets, were in total accordance with the results of mating type identification by strain confrontation experiments. White-phenotype strains were of mating type + (mt+) or mating type " (mt"), whilst yellow-phenotype strains were all mt". White and yellow strains were found to produce fertile cleistothecia after mating with A. benhamiae reference tester strains, which belonged to a third group intermediate between groups I and II. However, no interfertility was observed between yellow strains and white strains of mt+. A significant result was that white strains of mt" were able to mate and produce fertile cleistothecia with the white A. benhamiae strain CBS 112371 (mt+), the genome of which has recently been sequenced and annotated. This finding should offer new tools for investigating the biology and genetics of dermatophytes using wild-type strains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

The dermatophyte species Arthroderma benhamiae: intraspecies variability and mating behaviour

Symoens

Jousson

Packeu

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…So-called asexual fungi, such as T. rubrum or T. tonsurans, are known to be sexually stimulated by A. simii 14,15) . Therefore, we expected that A. simii may actually mate with these Trichophyton species and not only with T. mentagrophytes, the anamorph of A. simii.…”

Section: ．Mating Results and Availability Of Gcpsr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although mating occurs extremely rarely, so-called asexual species can still retain sexual ability as many asexual species were shown to be sexually stimulated by A. simii 14,15) . The differences in host preference are also not convincing because host preferences are not so strict as to cut off their habitats.…”

Section: ．Our Opinion Regarding the Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Verification of a Taxonomy of Dermatophytes Based on Mating Results and Phylogenetic Analyses

Kawasaki

2011

Medical Mycology Journal

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A newly proposed taxonomy of Trichophyton mentagrophytes and related species was introduced and verified with the grounds for the new classification, phylogenetic analysis, and Templeton s cohesive species concept. So-called asexual species were shown to retain sexual ability and different host preferences were shown not to be comparable to different ecological niches. We showed that genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition(GCPSR)can be applied to so-called asexual Trichophyton species.The results of GCPSR analysis and mating experiments demonstrated that Arthroderma simii, A. vanbreuseghemii, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale, and T. tonsurans may be considered as single phylogenetic species, and that A. benhamiae, T. concentricum, T. verrucosum, and T. mentagrophytes var. erinacei may also be considered as single phylogenetic species. In addition, the conspecificity of three Arthroderma species may also be demonstrated in future.In conclusion, we should not hastily revise the nomenclature based on the phylogenetic tree from only one gene, because different genes can yield different phylogenetic trees. Therefore, we recommend retaining the previous taxonomy until an acceptable taxonomy is proposed.

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“…Several geophilic and zoophilic dermatophytes, as well as related non-pathogenic dermatophytoids like T. terrestre and Trichophyton ajelloi, were found to produce sexual states in the genera Arthroderma or Nannizzia (later reduced to synonymy with Arthroderma). The charting of dermatophyte sexual patterns began to take an unusual course after Stockdale [24] discovered that members of many apparently nonmating species could be induced to reveal their mating type in an incomplete mating reaction with testers of Arthroderma simii. Most of the recognized asexual species could be typed in this manner and demonstrated to be descended from a single ancestral mating type.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Species Concept in Dermatophytes—a Polyphasic Approach

Gräser

Scott

Summerbell³

2008

Mycopathologia

224

216

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The dermatophytes are among the most frequently observed organisms in biomedicine, yet there has never been stability in the taxonomy, identification and naming of the approximately 25 pathogenic species involved. Since the identification of these species is often epidemiologically and ethically important, the difficulties in dermatophyte identification are a fruitful topic for modern molecular biological investigation, done in tandem with renewed investigation of phenotypic characters. Molecular phylogenetic analyses such as multilocus sequence typing have had to be tailored to accommodate differing the mechanisms of speciation that have produced the dermatophytes that are commonly seen today. Even so, some biotypes that were unambiguously considered species in the past, based on profound differences in morphology and pattern of infection, appear consistently not to be distinct species in modern molecular analyses. Most notable among these are the cosmopolitan bane of nails and feet, Trichophyton rubrum, and the endemic African agent of childhood tinea capitis, Trichophyton soudanense, which are effectively inseparable in all analyses. The molecular data require some reinterpretation of results seen in conventional phenotypic tests, but in most cases, phylogenetic insight is readily integrated with current laboratory testing procedures.

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Sexual stimulation betweenArthroderma simiiStockd., Mackenzie & Austwick and related species

Cited by 50 publications

References 4 publications

The dermatophyte species Arthroderma benhamiae: intraspecies variability and mating behaviour

The dermatophyte species Arthroderma benhamiae: intraspecies variability and mating behaviour

Verification of a Taxonomy of Dermatophytes Based on Mating Results and Phylogenetic Analyses

The New Species Concept in Dermatophytes—a Polyphasic Approach

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