Sexual network structure as an indicator of epidemic phase

Potterat, John J.; Muth, Stephen Q.; Rothenberg, Richard; Zimmerman-Rogers, Helen; Green, D L; Taylor, Jerry E.; Bonney, Mandy S.; White, Helen

doi:10.1136/sti.78.suppl_1.i152

Cited by 82 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The network geometry of such a pattern would be predominantly dendritic, with open ends formed by infected spouses with no outside partners. Rapid STD/HIV transmission has been associated with cyclic (with closed loops providing network cohesion) rather than dendritic networks 46,47 .…”

Section: Unexplained High Implicit Rates Of Heterosexual Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa not explained by sexual or vertical transmission

et al. 2002

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An expanding body of evidence challenges the conventional hypothesis that sexual transmission is responsible for more than 90% of adult HIV infections in Africa. Differences in epidemic trajectories across Africa do not correspond to differences in sexual behaviour. Studies among African couples find low rates of heterosexual transmission, as in developed countries. Many studies report HIV infections in African adults with no sexual exposure to HIV and in children with HIV-negative mothers. Unexplained high rates of HIV incidence have been observed in African women during antenatal and postpartum periods. Many studies show 20%–40% of HIV infections in African adults associated with injections (though direction of causation is unknown). These and other findings that challenge the conventional hypothesis point to the possibility that HIV transmission through unsafe medical care may be an important factor in Africa's HIV epidemic. More research is warranted to clarify risks for HIV transmission through health care.

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Section: Unexplained High Implicit Rates Of Heterosexual Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa not explained by sexual or vertical transmission

et al. 2002

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“…In the recruitment chains in Salvador (Figure 1), the mean number of MSM with whom the participants reported links in their personal network of relationships proved high (133 MSM), when compared to both the mean number in all 10 cities in the multicenter study (85 MSM) and the mean number of links reported by other studies on friendship networks and sexual behavior 34,35,36,37 . This number is close to the human capacity to relate to other persons in a large social network, or approximately 150 persons 15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test verifies the adherence between the distribution of a set of data from the sample and a specified distribution 28 . We opted to remove the extreme number of sexual partners reported by one participant (3,650 MSM) from the set of reported degrees, given that it was highly discrepant from typical values and those found in the literature, and it was scarcely plausible that a person could have a network of more than 500 close friends 15,34,35,36 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social networks of men who have sex with men: a study of recruitment chains using Respondent Driven Sampling in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil

et al. 2015

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Social and sexual contact networks between men who have sex with men (MSM) play an important role in understanding the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In Salvador (Bahia State, Brazil), one of the cities in the survey Behavior, Attitudes, Practices, and Prevalence of HIV and Syphilis among Men Who Have Sex with Men in 10 Brazilian Cities, data were collected in 2008/2009 from a sample of 383 MSM using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS). Network analysis was used to study friendship networks and sexual partner networks. The study also focused on the association between the number of links (degree) and the number of sexual partners, in addition to socio-demographic characteristics. The networks’ structure potentially facilitates HIV transmission. However, the same networks can also be used to spread messages on STI/HIV prevention, since the proximity and similarity of MSM in these networks can encourage behavior change and positive attitudes towards prevention.

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“…In these graphs vertices represent people who have received treatment, and edges represent their reported sexual parters. Analysis of these networks allows researchers to identify the growth and decline phases of an outbreak, and the general spread of the disease [14][15][16].…”

Section: Application Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%