Sexual Minority High School Boys’ and Girls’ Risk of Sexual Harassment, Sexual Violence, Stalking, and Bullying

Mennicke, Annelise; Bush, Heather; Brancato, Candace J.; Coker, Ann L.

doi:10.1177/1077801220937811

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…We also expected that elementary school students would have more involvement with bullying than secondary school students (Vaillancourt, Brittain, et al, 2010;Vaillancourt, Trinh, et al, 2010). Finally, we expected that sexual minority students would be bullied at higher rates than students who identified as gender binary and heterosexual, as has been shown in other studies (Cénat et al, 2015;Mennicke et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

See 1 more Smart Citation

School bullying before and during COVID‐19: Results from a population‐based randomized design

Vaillancourt

Brittain

Krygsman

et al. 2021

Aggressive Behavior

107

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We examined the impact of COVID-19 on bullying prevalence rates in a sample of 6578 Canadian students in Grades 4 to 12. To account for school changes associated with the pandemic, students were randomized at the school level into two conditions: (1) the pre-COVID-19 condition, assessing bullying prevalence rates retrospectively before the pandemic, and (2) the current condition, assessing rates during the pandemic. Results indicated that students reported far higher rates of bullying involvement before the pandemic than during the pandemic across all forms of bullying (general, physical, verbal, and social), except for cyber bullying, where differences in rates were less pronounced. Despite anti-Asian rhetoric during the pandemic, no difference was found between East Asian Canadian and White students on bullying victimization. Finally, our validity checks largely confirmed previous published patterns in both conditions: (1) girls were more likely to report being bullied than boys, (2) boys were more likely to report bullying others than girls, (3) elementary school students reported higher bullying involvement than secondary school students, and (4) gender diverse and LGTBQ + students reported being bullied at higher rates than students who identified as gender binary or heterosexual. These results highlight that the pandemic may have mitigated bullying rates, prompting the need to consider retaining some of the educational reforms used to reduce the spread of the virus that could foster caring interpersonal relationships at school such as reduced class sizes, increased supervision, and blended learning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Moreover, studies consistently demonstrate that sexual minority students are bullied at the highest rate of any student (Cénat et al, 2015;Mennicke et al, 2020). We expected to find similar patterns of results in the pre-COVID-19 and current conditions.…”

Section: Present Studymentioning

confidence: 65%

School bullying before and during COVID‐19: Results from a population‐based randomized design

Vaillancourt

Brittain

Krygsman

et al. 2021

Aggressive Behavior

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Additionally, this study likely represented more cisgender victims rather than LGBTQ experiences of stalking, particularly acquaintance stalking. This is an important area of future research (Fedina et al, 2020; Mennicke et al, 2021). Further, this study had a low number of both men and women stalked by females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Factors Associated with Stalking-Related Fears Among Men and Women Stalked by Male and Female Acquaintances

Logan

2020

J Interpers Violence

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This study examines experiences of acquaintance stalking victims ( n = 389), recruited from a community sample, by victim and stalker gender and explores factors associated with three measures of fear (fear of harm, perceived capability of stalker to harm, and fear of significant life impact). There were five main findings from this study: (a) although research suggests ex-partner stalkers are the most threatening, assaultive, and harassing stalkers, particularly for women, this study shows that a significant number of acquaintance stalking victims experience high levels of fear, threats, life interference, and assault; (b) women had higher stalking-related fear levels and a greater belief that their stalker was capable of harming them regardless of stalker gender, while men stalked by females were least concerned about harm; (c) close to one-quarter of victims had one unknown background factor and one-third indicated not knowing about two or more background factors suggesting variation in the level of victim knowledge about acquaintance stalkers; (d) the number of threats, stalker history of violence to others, the belief that the stalker does not care about severe consequences, and a greater number of unknown stalker background factors were associated with higher stalking-related fear levels and an increased perception that the stalker was capable of harm; and, (e) higher concern about a significant life impact from the stalking was associated with forced confrontations, believing the stalker wanted revenge, victim vulnerability, proxy stalking, and technology facilitated stalking. Future research is needed to better understand the dynamics of acquaintance stalking, particularly with regard to how close or distant the stalker was to the victim. Considering victim and stalker gender dynamics in acquaintance stalking may be important for safety planning and risk assessment.

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“…To assess sexual violence experiences, participants completed a French adaptation of the sexual harassment, unwanted sexual attention, and sexual coercion subscales of the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire (Fitzgerald et al, 1999), which has been previously used with university populations, as well as sexual minority populations (Martin-Storey et al, 2018;Mennicke et al, 2021). Participants were asked about these experiences in the university context, SEXUAL VIOLENCE AND SEXUAL/GENDER MINORITY STUDENTS defined as at the university, at events sponsored by the university off campus, or with members of the university community off campus (see Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How sexual and gender minority students discuss sexuality and gender in describing their experiences of sexual violence.

Martin‐Storey¹,

Paquette²,

Bergeron³

et al. 2024

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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Gender and sexual minority university students experience higher rates of sexual violence than their cisgender heterosexual peers. The objectives of this study were to use a qualitative thematic analysis to understand how gender and sexual minority students discuss (a) gender and sexuality in describing their sexual violence experiences and (b) their reactions to sexual violence experiences where gender and sexuality were considered. Participants were drawn from a mixed-methods study addressing experiences of sexual violence in university contexts and were eligible for the current study if they (a) reported a sexual or gender minority identity and (b) described their sexual violence experience (n = 223). We used an iterative and inductive process to examine descriptions of university-based sexual violence and identified three themes in how participants discussed gender and sexuality in describing their sexual violence experiences. These were (a) direct discussion of their own sexual or gender identities (where subthemes of precipitating and shaping responses were identified), (b) discussion of elements of the sexual violence experience that are particularly salient to gender and sexual minority populations (where subthemes of homophobia and transphobia, gender nonconformity were identified), and (c) reactions to gender and sexuality-related sexual violence experiences (where subthemes of pushout and minimization were identified). These findings suggest the importance of gender and sexuality in gender and sexual minority students’ descriptions of university-based sexual violence experiences, and implications for intervention and prevention efforts are discussed.

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Sexual Minority High School Boys’ and Girls’ Risk of Sexual Harassment, Sexual Violence, Stalking, and Bullying

Cited by 14 publications

References 49 publications

School bullying before and during COVID‐19: Results from a population‐based randomized design

School bullying before and during COVID‐19: Results from a population‐based randomized design

Examining Factors Associated with Stalking-Related Fears Among Men and Women Stalked by Male and Female Acquaintances

How sexual and gender minority students discuss sexuality and gender in describing their experiences of sexual violence.

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