SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN THE SWEET POTATO WEEVIL, <i>CYLAS FORMICARIUS</i> (F.) (COLEOPTERA: BRENTIDAE)

Starr, Christopher K.; Wilson, Dan; Severson, Ray F.; Kays, Stanley J.

doi:10.4039/ent12961-1

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A. taiwanensis does not show a clear sexual dimorphism. However, as expected, our data indicated that females are bigger than males, as known for most invertebrates, weevils included [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Moreover, the analyses performed in this work revealed that the shape and the position of the last tergite of the abdomen are good traits to distinguish the two sexes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Biological Notes and Distribution in Southern Europe of Aclees taiwanensis Kȏno, 1933 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): A New Pest of the Fig Tree

Farina

Mazza²,

Benvenuti³

et al. 2020

Insects

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Ficus carica L. is one of the earliest cultivated fruit trees, and figs are a typical fruit of the Mediterranean diet and traditional medicine as well. In recent years, a new pest, the black weevil Aclees taiwanensis Kȏno, 1933 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) native to Asia, has been recorded in France and Italy. Aclees taiwanensis causes the rapid death of the fig tree by its larvae that dig alimentation galleries in the trunk and surface roots, compromising the phloem flux. In Italy, from 2005, the year of the first detection of A. taiwanensis, the fig production has nearly halved, decreasing from 20.09 t to 10.65 t. To date, no specific EU regulation has been applied to prevent the A. taiwanensis spread, and we can reasonably expect a rapid diffusion of this pest all over the Mediterranean area. To avoid the loss of the Mediterranean fig orchards, effective strategies to detect and control the black weevil are required. Such strategies need a detailed knowledge of A. taiwanensis distribution, biology, and physiology. This paper updates the known distribution of this species in Southern Europe, using a citizen science approach, and describes, under laboratory and field conditions, its main biological traits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Biological Notes and Distribution in Southern Europe of Aclees taiwanensis Kȏno, 1933 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): A New Pest of the Fig Tree

Farina

Mazza²,

Benvenuti³

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…Sex Differentiation of Weevils. The female C. formicarius differ from the males in antenna and body size (Starr and Wilson 1997). The antennae of the males are straight while those of the female are round or club-shaped.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Are Sweetpotato Weevils (Coleoptera: Brentidae) Differentially Attracted to Certain Colors?

Gadi

Reddy

2014

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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The sweetpotato weevil Cylas formicarius (F.) (Coleoptera: Brentidae) is one of the most serious insects causing damage to sweetpotatoes in the world. Small populations of these insects can cause severe damage to tubers of the crop. Without proper and effective control, weevil populations are likely to cause a huge or complete loss of sweetpotato production in sweetpotato growing areas. Consequently, there is an urgent need for development of an eco-friendly control method for this weevil. Although some control methods are effective, toxic pesticides applications are detrimental and damaging to our environment. Although pheromone traps are currently being used, no effective control of this weevil was achieved. Therefore, studies were carried out as part of the development of a trapping system for C. formicarius. Previous color-choice Þeld tests have conÞrmed that C. formicarius preferred red traps over gray, green, brown, blue, white, yellow, or black; light red was more attractive than other shades of red. The current study aimed to know whether C. formicarius behavior changes in indoor conditions. Among the eight colored traps tested in the laboratory, green-colored traps were more effective in attracting C. formicarius than all other colors. It attracted nearly double the number of weevils than standard traps presently being used by growers. Based on these results, it is recommended to use green-colored traps to mass trap weevils (by attracting and killing) from sweetpotatoes grown under indoor (storage) conditions.

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“…On the other hand, Cylas formicarius (Fabricius) is considered to be a monomorphic brentid species, with only minor differences between the sexes (Starr et al . ). Although C. formicarius males mate multiple times during their lifetime, females generally mate only once (Sugimoto et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male‐biased sexual size dimorphism and sex ratio in the New Zealand Giraffe Weevil, Lasiorhynchus barbicornis (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Brentidae)

2014

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Both the sex ratio and the extent of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) can have important implications for the mating system of a species. In particular, the sex that is limited (generally the female) is often the subject of intense competition, which can drive changes in behaviour and morphology to increase the competitive ability of the more abundant sex. The New Zealand giraffe weevil, Lasiorhynchus barbicornis (Fabricius, 1775), is a large and charismatic species found across much of New Zealand, but very little is known about its natural history. We determined the population structure and ecology of L. barbicornis from a single wild population over 3 years. L. barbicornis was found to be highly abundant in the warmer months, between November and May, but showed a peak in abundance in February and March in each year. The sex ratio was consistently male-biased throughout the breeding season (mean sex ratio between seasons 0.59 ± 0.02). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that L. barbicornis is highly sexually size-dimorphic mostly because of the extreme elongation of the rostrum of the male. All body parts of the males were also found to be more variable in size than those of the females, particularly head length, as shown by higher coefficients of variation. There was, however, no significant seasonal variation in SSD. These data are crucial to gain an understanding of the ecology and of factors driving the mating system in this species. The male-biased sex ratio and SSD are key components of L. barbicornis ecology and are likely to have driven the highly competitive, defence-based mating system observed.

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SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN THE SWEET POTATO WEEVIL, CYLAS FORMICARIUS (F.) (COLEOPTERA: BRENTIDAE)

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Biological Notes and Distribution in Southern Europe of Aclees taiwanensis Kȏno, 1933 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): A New Pest of the Fig Tree

Biological Notes and Distribution in Southern Europe of Aclees taiwanensis Kȏno, 1933 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): A New Pest of the Fig Tree

Are Sweetpotato Weevils (Coleoptera: Brentidae) Differentially Attracted to Certain Colors?

Male‐biased sexual size dimorphism and sex ratio in the New Zealand Giraffe Weevil, Lasiorhynchus barbicornis (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Brentidae)

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