Sexual dimorphism in body clocks

Anderson, Seán T.; FitzGerald, Garret A.

doi:10.1126/science.abd4964

Cited by 62 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This case-control study only included male subjects given OSAassociated sex-specific differences [52] and sexual dimorphisms in body clocks [53]. Potential OSA patients and control subjects (age 18 years) observed in the Sleep Unit of Coimbra Hospital and University center, Coimbra, Portugal, between February 2016 and December 2019, were recruited to the current study, based on the presence or absence, respectively, of OSA-associated characteristics/symptoms, such as high cervical perimeter (> 40 cm), loud snoring, reported breathing interruptions or excessive daytime sleepiness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term continuous positive airway pressure treatment ameliorates biological clock disruptions in obstructive sleep apnea

Gaspar¹,

Hesse²,

Yalçin³

et al. 2021

EBioMedicine

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Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent and underdiagnosed sleep disorder. Recent studies suggest that OSA might disrupt the biological clock, potentially causing or worsening OSA-associated comorbidities. However, the effect of OSA treatment on clock disruption is not fully understood. Methods: The impact of OSA and short-(four months) and long-term (two years) OSA treatment, with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), on the biological clock was investigated at four time points within 24 h, in OSA patients relative to controls subjects (no OSA) of the same sex and age group, in a case-control study. Plasma melatonin and cortisol, body temperature and the expression levels and rhythmicity of eleven clock genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were assessed. Additional computational tools were used for a detailed data analysis. Findings: OSA impacts on clock outputs and on the expression of several clock genes in PBMCs. Neither shortnor long-term treatment fully reverted OSA-induced alterations in the expression of clock genes. However, long-term treatment was able to re-establish levels of plasma melatonin and cortisol and body temperature. Machine learning methods could discriminate controls from untreated OSA patients. Following long-term treatment, the distinction between controls and patients disappeared, suggesting a closer similarity of the phenotypes. Interpretation: OSA alters biological clock-related characteristics that differentially respond to short-and long-term CPAP treatment. Long-term CPAP was more efficient in counteracting OSA impact on the clock, but the obtained results suggest that it is not fully effective. A better understanding of the impact of OSA and OSA treatment on the clock may open new avenues to OSA diagnosis, monitoring and treatment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term continuous positive airway pressure treatment ameliorates biological clock disruptions in obstructive sleep apnea

Gaspar¹,

Hesse²,

Yalçin³

et al. 2021

EBioMedicine

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“…Sexual dimorphism describes developmental influence different in circadian behavior and physiology (Anderson and FitzGerald, 2020). Female mice amplitude of behavioral oscillation was reported greater than male one (Royston et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Susceptible Period of Photic Day-Night Rhythm Loss in Common Marmoset Social Behavior Development

Koshiba

Watarai-Senoo

Karino

et al. 2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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The prevalence of neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders such as pervasive developmental disorders is rapidly increasing worldwide. Although these developmental disorders are known to be influenced by an individual’s genetic background, the potential biological responses to early life’s environmental exposure to both physical and psychological factors must also be considered. Many studies have acknowledged the influence of shorter time for rest at night and the simultaneous occurrence of various kinds of complications involving developmental disorders. In a prior study, we examined how a common marmoset’s (Callithrix jacchus) psychosocial development was affected when it was reared under constant daylight from birth and then reared individually by humans nursing them under constant light (LL) during their juvenile development stages. The behaviors of these marmosets were compared with those of normal day-night cycle (LD) marmosets using a multivariate analysis based on principal component analysis (PCA). That study found that LL marmosets relatively elicited egg-like calls (Ecall) and side-to-side shakes of the upper body with rapid head rotation through adulthood frequently. Based on the PCA, these behaviors were interpreted as “alert” or “hyperactive” states. However, we did not clarify susceptible periods of the photic rhythm loss experience and the psychological development output. In this study we summarize the following studies in our model animal colonies involving 30 animals (11 female, 19 males) to further explore critical age states of inquiry about each social behavior profiling. We compared social behaviors of three age stages, juvenile, adolescent and young adult equivalent to one another in four LL experience conditions, LL (postnatal day (P) 0 to around 150), Middle (P60–149, 90 days), Late (P150–239, 90 days), and LD (no experience). In the most representative 1st and 2nd principal component scores, the shifting to higher frequency of alert behaviors developed at the adult stage in LL, Middle, then Late in turn. The no LL experience group, LD, generally featured higher frequency of local preference of high position compared to LL experience present groups, in adulthood. This limited model primate study might inspire different developmental age sensitive mechanisms of neuronal network to control socio-emotional functions by utilizing the multivariate visualization method, BOUQUET. This study could potentially contribute to nurturing educational designs for social developmental disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Circadian rhythm disorders in humans are associated with cardiometabolic diseases [ 23 ]. Circadian rhythm is influenced by sex, and this interaction is evident throughout most of life [ 23 ]. Women are more resistant than men to circadian rhythm disorders due to sleep disorders and shift work [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The circadian rhythm influences heart disease in a sexually dimorphic manner [ 9 ]. Women and men differ in their resistance to cardiovascular disease, with sex hormones and sex chromosomes playing an important role [ 3 , 9 , 18 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Studies in rodents have shown that female mice have a higher survival rate after myocardial infarction (MI) than male mice [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex Differences in Circadian Clock Genes and Myocardial Infarction Susceptibility

Škrlec

Talapko

Juzbašić

et al. 2021

JCDD

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The growing body of evidence shows a significant difference in the circadian rhythm of cardiovascular disease based on biological sex. The incidence of cardiovascular disease varies between women and men. Additionally, biological sex is vital for the timely application of therapy—chronotherapy, which benefits both sexes. This study aimed to examine the potential difference of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the circadian rhythm genes ARNTL, CLOCK, CRY2 and PER2 in women and men with myocardial infarction. A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 200 patients with myocardial infarction. Altogether, ten single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ARNTL, CLOCK, CRY2 and PER2 genes were analyzed. The Chi-square test yielded statistically significant differences in CLOCK gene rs11932595 polymorphism in a recessive genotype model between women and men with a p-value of 0.03 and an odds ratio 2.66, and a corresponding 95% confidence interval of 1.07 to 6.66. Other analyzed polymorphisms of the circadian rhythm genes ARNTL, CRY2, and PER2 did not significantly differ between the sexes. According to the study’s current results, the CLOCK gene’s genetic variability might affect myocardial infarction concerning biological sex.

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Sexual dimorphism in body clocks

Abstract: Sexual dimorphism in chronobiology has implications for the health of our 24-hour society

Cited by 62 publications

References 13 publications

Long-term continuous positive airway pressure treatment ameliorates biological clock disruptions in obstructive sleep apnea

Long-term continuous positive airway pressure treatment ameliorates biological clock disruptions in obstructive sleep apnea

A Susceptible Period of Photic Day-Night Rhythm Loss in Common Marmoset Social Behavior Development

Sex Differences in Circadian Clock Genes and Myocardial Infarction Susceptibility

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