Sexual communication of Spodoptera frugiperda from West Africa: Adaptation of an invasive species and implications for pest management

Haenniger, Sabine; Goergen, Georg; Akinbuluma, Mobolade Dele; Kunert, Maritta; Heckel, David G.; Unbehend, Melanie

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-59708-7

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Frequent hybridisation has been known to occur in the field (e.g., 118 ), and would also account for the observed pattern. Furthermore, African populations contained hybrids of F2 or even later generations, and mating time differences within the African populations were likely related to the differences in circadian gene expression previously identified in Sfc or Sfr populations in their native range 119 . Differences in mitochondria function could be directly related to host preferences 61 , which could explain the absence of a correlation between the mitochondrial and nuclear genotypes, but this lack of genomic correlation that was also in part due to the non-recombination nature for mitochondrial genome cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global FAW population genomic signature supports complex introduction events across the Old World

Tay

Rane

Padovan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Accurate genomic knowledge can elucidate the global spread patterns of invasive pests. The highprofile invasive agricultural pest Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm; FAW) is a case in point. Native to the Americas, the FAW was first reported in West Africa in 2016 and has rapidly spread to over 64 countries across the Old World, resulting in significant economic losses. The chronological order of reported detections has led to the hypothesis that the FAW moved eastwards across Africa and then Asia, however genomic evidence remains lacking to test this hypothesis and to identify the potential origin of invasive populations. Using a whole genome sequencing approach, we explored the population genomic signatures of FAW populations from the Americas and the Old World. Analyses of complete mitochondrial DNA genomes identified 12 maternal lineages across the invasive range, while genomic signatures from 870 high-quality nuclear genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) DNA markers identified five distinct New World populations that broadly reflected their native geographical ranges and absence of host-plant preference status. Unique FAW populations in the Old World were also identified that suggested multiple introductions underpinned their rapid global spread. We identified in Asian FAW individuals, genomes lacking evidence of admixture; while analysis of identified complex substructure revealed significant directional geneflow from Asia into East Africa, in contrast to a simple east-towest spread. Our study highlights the need for population genomics approaches in analysing complex pest invasions, and the importance of international partnership to address global biosecurity challenges presented by emerging high priority insect pests. Correspondence

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global FAW population genomic signature supports complex introduction events across the Old World

Tay

Rane

Padovan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Interestingly, this locus includes clk, a key circadian clock gene 50 . African populations of FAWs have an earlier mating time than American populations by three hours 51 . The genetic differentiation of clk could also be caused by genetic linkage to positively selected environmental stress genes or host-plant genes, while divergent selection on the circadian clock is also possible.…”

Section: Identification Of Adaptive Evolution In the Invasive Populationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Genomic balancing selection is key to the invasive success of the fall armyworm

Yainna

Tay

Fiteni

et al. 2020

Preprint

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A successful biological invasion involves survival in a newly occupied environment. If a population bottleneck occurs during an invasion, the resulting depletion of genetic variants could cause increased inbreeding depression and decreased adaptive potential, which may result in a fitness reduction. How invasive populations survive in the newly occupied environment despite reduced heterozygosity and how, in many cases, they maintain moderate levels of heterozygosity are still contentious issues 1. The Fall armyworm (FAW; Lepidoptera: Spodoptera frugiperda), a polyphagous pest, is native to the Western hemisphere. Its invasion in the Old World was first reported from West Africa in early 2016, and in less than four years, it swept sub-Saharan Africa and Asia, finally reaching Australia. We used population genomics approaches to investigate the factors that may explain the invasive success of the FAW. Here we show that genomic balancing selection played a key role in invasive success by restoring heterozygosity before the global invasion. We observe a drastic loss of mitochondrial polymorphism in invasive populations, whereas nuclear heterozygosity exhibits a mild reduction. The population from Benin in West Africa has the lowest length of linkage disequilibrium amongst all invasive and native populations despite its reduced population size. This result indicates that balancing selection increased heterozygosity by facilitating the admixture of invasive populations from distinct origins and that, once heterozygosity was sufficiently high, FAW started spreading globally in the Old World. As comparable heterozygosity levels between invasive and native populations are commonly observed 1 , we postulate that the restoration of heterozygosity through balancing selection could be widespread among successful cases of biological invasions.

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“…In an era where resistance to conventional control strategies and chemicals by microbes and insects increases continuously, alternatives become essential to ensure food safety. There are several successful cases of control in this context, especially in lepidopterans and curculios insects, with semiochemicals [ 9 , 26 ]. In this research, volatile compounds mediating the feeding behavior of the Annonaceae fruits weevil ( Optatus palmaris ) were scrutinized for their potential use in managing this insect pest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

α-Terpineol: An Aggregation Pheromone in Optatus palmaris (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Pascoe, 1889) Enhanced by Its Host-Plant Volatiles

et al. 2021

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The Annonaceae fruits weevil (Optatus palmaris) causes high losses to the soursop production in Mexico. Damage occurs when larvae and adults feed on the fruits; however, there is limited research about control strategies against this pest. However, pheromones provide a high potential management scheme for this curculio. Thus, this research characterized the behavior and volatile production of O. palmaris in response to their feeding habits. Olfactometry assays established preference by weevils to volatiles produced by feeding males and soursop. The behavior observed suggests the presence of an aggregation pheromone and a kairomone. Subsequently, insect volatiles sampled by solid-phase microextraction and dynamic headspace detected a unique compound on feeding males increased especially when feeding. Feeding-starvation experiments showed an averaged fifteen-fold increase in the concentration of a monoterpenoid on males feeding on soursop, and a decrease of the release of this compound males stop feeding. GC-MS analysis of volatiles identified this compound as α-terpineol. Further olfactometry assays using α-terpineol and soursop, demonstrated that this combination is double attractive to Annonaceae weevils than only soursop volatiles. The results showed a complementation effect between α-terpineol and soursop volatiles. Thus, α-terpineol is the aggregation pheromone of O. palmaris, and its concentration is enhanced by host-plant volatiles.

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Sexual communication of Spodoptera frugiperda from West Africa: Adaptation of an invasive species and implications for pest management

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

Global FAW population genomic signature supports complex introduction events across the Old World

Global FAW population genomic signature supports complex introduction events across the Old World

Genomic balancing selection is key to the invasive success of the fall armyworm

α-Terpineol: An Aggregation Pheromone in Optatus palmaris (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Pascoe, 1889) Enhanced by Its Host-Plant Volatiles

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