Sexual Assault: Where Are Mid-Life Women in the Research?

Thomas, Laura; Tilley, Donna Scott; Esquibel, Karen A.

doi:10.1111/ppc.12067

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The prevalence of unwanted sexual contact was higher in rural area than the urban, 64.6 versus 58.8 percent, while for attempted and completed rape the prevalence was marginally higher in urban area compared to rural area. The reason for higher prevalence of the attempted and completed rape (which are more severe violence) in the urban may be due to higher population pressure, higher number of unmarried older men and women as reported by Thomas, Scott & Esquibel 22 . Other possible explanation could be closer social economic interactions and other confounding variables of the urban living condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Rural and urban prevalence of sexual assault against women in an African population

Adeleke

Adebimpe

et al. 2019

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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Background: Sexual assault is about the most dehumanizing form of gender based violence against women worldwide. Nigeria and many other countries in Africa do not have National data on women sexual assault. This survey is aimed at generating data on sexual assault against women in Osun state, Nigeria. Objective: To determine the patterns of sexual assault against women in Urban and Rural areas of Osun State in South western Nigeria. Methodology: A cross section survey using interviewer administered questionnaire was carried out among selected 1,200 women aged 15 years and above in urban and rural areas, between August and December 2014. The questionnaire was patterned after WHO Multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence data instrument. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: Mean age of the respondents was 23.75 ±(13.22) years in rural area, in the urban area it was 27.69 ±(10.23) years. 46 % and 54 % were married in urban and rural areas respectively. The prevalence of completed rape was 10.0 % in urban and 9.2 % in rural, while that of attempted rape was 31.4 % and 20.0 % in the urban and rural area respectively. Women in the rural areas experienced repeat sexual assault and suffered non-genital injuries more the in urban area. Having partner and living in urban area were associated with female sexual assault. Conclusions: Sexual assault against women constitutes public health issue in Osun state with rural women incurring greater negative health consequences. Primary prevention strategies should focus at young men and women in both rural and urban areas of the state. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(3) 2019 p.628-635

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Rural and urban prevalence of sexual assault against women in an African population

Adeleke

Adebimpe

et al. 2019

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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“…The current study did not offer insight into the reason why married status was associated with the past diagnosis group. This topic warrants further investigation, as past studies report mixed findings (Kessler et al 1995, Thomas et al 2014, which may be attributed to an evolving archetype of marital union, where couples adopt long-term partnerships in lieu of legal marriage, as well as the variability in quality of marital relations, especially in samples where intimate partner violence is prevalent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Determinants of psychological resistance and recovery among women exposed to assaultive trauma

et al. 2015

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IntroductionWomen exposed to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) are at high risk for developing psychiatric disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), general anxiety disorder (GAD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and substance-related disorders. However, this risk is not universal. Most women are resistant (i.e., remain asymptomatic), or recover following a brief symptomatic period. This study examined the psychological factors associated with resistant and recovered outcomes in a sample of high-risk women exposed to assault-related PTEs.MethodOne hundred and fifty-nine women completed the Life Events Checklist and were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. This resulted in three groups: (1) no diagnosis (no past or current psychiatric disorder diagnosis; n = 56), (2) past diagnosis (a past psychiatric disorder diagnosis, but none currently; n = 31), and (3) current diagnosis (a current diagnosis of one or more psychiatric disorders; n = 72). Groups were compared on sociodemographics, PTE exposure, psychopathology, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and psychological resilience-related factors.ResultsThe majority of respondents (79%) did not develop chronic PTSD following assault exposure, and the most common psychiatric outcome was MDD (30%). High endorsement of mastery and social support were associated with the no diagnosis group; and greater reports of mastery and posttraumatic growth were associated with recovery from a past psychiatric disorder. Furthermore, both resilient groups (i.e., no diagnosis and past diagnosis) scored higher on HRQOL measures compared with the current diagnosis group (P < 0.001).ConclusionPsychological resilience has ramifications to health and well-being, and identifying these factors has potential to inform preventive strategies and treatment interventions for assault exposed women.

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“…It remains largely unclear however what role (if any) these changing relationship patterns may play in women’s experiences of sexual violence in later life. Thomas, Tilley, and Esquibel (2014) intimate that newly single middle-aged women may face an increased risk of sexual assault on account of entering into new dating relationships (although the precise role that this might play is not elaborated on by the authors), suggesting that relationship status may be a salient factor, and this warrants further attention.…”

Section: Sexual Violence Against Older Womenmentioning

confidence: 94%

Sexual Assault and Justice for Older Women: A Critical Review of the Literature

Fileborn

2016

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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This article provides a critical review of current literature on the sexual assault of older women-including an exploration of the specific features and emotional and physical impacts of older women's experiences-and highlights current gaps and future directions for research, practice, and theory. A review of the literature indicates that older women constitute only a small proportion of victim/survivors. However, there is evidence to suggest that existing research underestimates the extent of this issue. Older women face particular barriers to disclosure and accessing the justice system, resulting in their experiences remaining hidden. Many of these barriers also contribute toward older women's experiences being ignored, dismissed, or downplayed by potential bystanders. These barriers are explored in depth in this article and include cultural context, ageism, cognitive and health impairments, and living in a residential care setting. Responding to, and preventing, the sexual assault of older women requires a tailored approach-and we currently lack sufficient insight to develop appropriate responses. In closing, this article considers how we might work toward achieving "justice" for older women victim/survivors.

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Sexual Assault: Where Are Mid-Life Women in the Research?

Abstract: There are few studies that examine the sexual assault experiences of single mid-life women. Further research into the experiences of single mid-life women is warranted to provide direction for nursing education programs and clinical practice.

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Rural and urban prevalence of sexual assault against women in an African population

Rural and urban prevalence of sexual assault against women in an African population

Determinants of psychological resistance and recovery among women exposed to assaultive trauma

Sexual Assault and Justice for Older Women: A Critical Review of the Literature

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