Sex trafficking of minors in metropolitan, micropolitan, and rural communities

Cole, Jennifer; Sprang, Ginny

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.07.015

Cited by 90 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…A more geographically widespread presence of anti-trafficking organizations in Minnesota is imperative to rescue vulnerable members of society who are probably seeking help at this point. Cole and Sprang (2015) list several recommendations for nonmetropolitan communities where sex trafficking of minors can become a serious problem:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cole and Sprang (2015), suggest that the use of the Internet by those responsible for sex trafficking of minors is making this type of illegal activity easily transferable and less dependent on the type of community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Logan et al (2009, p. 10) points out that "extreme poverty remains the single most important factor in becoming a target of human trafficking." Nevertheless, Cole and Sprang (2015) observe that in their sex trafficking of minors study in an American state, the most commonly mentioned factors that contributed to victims' vulnerability of being trafficked are compromised parenting and lack of stability in the home. The search for a job, husband, safe haven, or prostitution-related occupations are the pull factors identified by Tyldum and Brunovskis (2005) that motivate the majority of known trafficking victims to travel abroad.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Geography of Sex Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation of Children in Minnesota, 2007-2015

Lopez¹

2017

Journal of Social Sciences

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Abstract:This article provides a snapshot of the geographic patterns of sex trafficking and sexual exploitation of minors' court cases and the affected communities in the U.S. state of Minnesota. The regional distributions of cases seen in court dealing with solicitation, inducement and promotion of prostitution, solicitation of children to engage in sexual conduct and use of a minor in a sexual performance are compared here. According to the visual examination of the thematic maps and the spatial statistics analyses, the greatest clustering for any of the offenses potentially related to sexual exploitation and trafficking is for cases that involve solicitation, inducement and promotion of prostitution. These clusters are located in Minnesota's major metropolitan areas and transportation hubs. The maps and the spatial statistics dealing with solicitation of a child to engage in sexual conduct and the use of a minor in a sexual performance are less likely to display clusters of cases in metropolitan areas and transportation hubs. In the majority of cases the patterns are random. Based on news reports and the thematic maps' patterns, the Internet has become a centrifugal force that has maintained a considerable number of child solicitation cases happening outside metropolitan areas traditionally linked to other sex crimes such as prostitution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Geography of Sex Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation of Children in Minnesota, 2007-2015

Lopez¹

2017

Journal of Social Sciences

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“…The role of traffickers or pimps seems to be more complicated in DMST than in international sex trafficking. Individuals responsible for trafficking these youth have been found to be family members, acquaintances, and peers who utilize their relationship to facilitate the exploitation (Cole and Sprang 2015;Reid et al 2015), some youth operate without an identified third party, and some evidence suggests that in some cases the role of the third party trafficker/pimp may be less prominent than commonly assumed (Marcus et al 2014).…”

Section: Structural Inequities and Domestic Minor Sex Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequalities in US Child Protection: The Case of Sex Trafficked Youth

2018

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This article demonstrates how structural social work theory and critical consciousness development can be used to help facilitate a transition from a deficit model approach to an inequities perspective in a child welfare system that was working to improve the identification of and services for domestic minor sex trafficked youth (DMST). The response of Connecticut's child welfare system to the issue of DMST is provided as an example of how a child welfare systems could apply an inequities perspective to a population involved in and at risk for exploitation. Structural social work theory helps illustrate how neo-liberalist social structures in the United States perpetuate and maintain social inequity based on race, gender, age, sexual orientation, and socio-economic status for youth at risk for DMST. Through critical consciousness development, youth can be recognized as victims of intersecting forms of oppression, rather than criminals. These theories can be combined to increase individual awareness of the risks and oppression of youth across the population, and to identify how child welfare services can be leveraged to decrease inequities and improve child well-being.

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“…For example, in the case of sex trafficking, advanced spatial statistics and analyses are necessary for the development of better-informed strategies for the allocation of "resources aimed at securing sexual workers and preventing dangerous behaviors among both providers of escort services and their clients" [6]. Cole and Sprang [7] note that sex trafficking of minors has occurred across diverse areas of a predominantly rural state regardless the degree of proximity to metropolitan regions. Even though a geographic analysis assisted by spatial statistics of sex trafficking and the sexual exploitation of minors itself cannot reflect the real extent of human trafficking, the identification of the geographic distributions of these crimes can give researchers "an idea of which regions have the potential of becoming vulnerable to the presence of facilitators and enablers of this cruel practice" [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Spatial Statistics to Control Human and Sex Trafficking

Lopez¹,

Truesdale-Moore²

2020

IJSSH

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Sex trafficking is an issue that has received considerable attention during the past fifteen years. An understanding of this crime's geographic distribution provides social services agencies a better idea of which areas are more vulnerable to the problem due to the presence of facilitators and enablers of this exploitative practice. In order to develop a thorough understanding of this crime's geographic patterns, social scientists need basic knowledge of spatial statistics. This type of statistical analysis is a product of the quantitative revolutions of the 1950s and 1960s. With the advent of user-friendly information systems technologies, numerous government agencies and non-governmental social services groups have initiated the inclusion of this area of knowledge in their fight against human trafficking. This paper provides examples of the use of spatial statistics as an analytical and crime-solving resource for the detection of sex trafficking activities in some areas of the United States. Particular attention is given to the role geographic information systems (GIS) and crime reports play in the development of inferential spatial statistical analyses. The case studies of sex trafficking in the American states of Virginia and Minnesota are included in this article.

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Sex trafficking of minors in metropolitan, micropolitan, and rural communities

Cited by 90 publications

References 17 publications

The Geography of Sex Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation of Children in Minnesota, 2007-2015

The Geography of Sex Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation of Children in Minnesota, 2007-2015

Inequalities in US Child Protection: The Case of Sex Trafficked Youth

The Use of Spatial Statistics to Control Human and Sex Trafficking

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