Sex steroids and their relationship to binding proteins in the serum of the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus)

Hodges, J. K.; Eastman, S.A.K.; Jenkins, N.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0960443

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Marmosets have been shown to have sex hormone binding globulin. Although Hodges et al (1983) reported low free testosterone levels (approximately 1.7-4.5%) in marmoset serum, Lunn et al (1997) more recently demonstrated higher levels of biologically active testosterone. Pugeat et al (1984) reported that plasma testosterone-estradiol binding protein in New World monkeys (including marmosets) has a low affinity despite high binding capacity for testosterone, resulting in high levels of unbound plasma testosterone in New World monkeys (20-40 ng/dl), as compared to those in Old World monkeys (3-9 ng/dl) or humans (10 ng/dl).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes in endocrine profile and reproductive organs during puberty in the male marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus)

Chandolia¹,

Luetjens²,

Wistuba³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

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Data on pubertal maturation in male marmoset, a model for human reproduction, are scant and conflicting. We collected data on novel parameters to characterize puberty. Twenty-five marmoset monkeys were assigned to five age groups by weeks (wk): 21 (pre-pubertal), 43 (onset of puberty), 52 (fully pubertal), 70 (mature), and 116 (fully adult). Serum and intratesticular testosterone and pituitary bioactive chorionic gonadotropin (bioCG) were measured. Testicular development was assessed by ultrasonography, histology, and flow cytometry. Three consecutive blood samples revealed extreme fluctuations in testosterone concentrations, suggesting an erratic secretion. Age-related changes in serum testosterone and pituitary bioCG concentrations were observed. Intratesticular androgens (ITAs) showed high fluctuations within groups at all ages and were high in some animals by 21 wk. Unexpectedly, no correlation between pituitary bioCG and serum testosterone or ITAs was found, but these parameters significantly correlated with testicular weight and volume. These observations were consistent a dependence on the testis growth on bioCG. Unfortunately, the low serum levels of bioCG were not measurable in this study. At 43 wk, the animals reached puberty. At 52 wk of age, animals attained maximum body and epididymal weights and qualitatively normal spermatogenesis, but testes continued growing, reaching a maximum of all parameters at 70 wk of age, without further major changes at the age of 116 wk. It is concluded that (1) gonadal activation is evident at wk 21, (2) the male marmoset reaches the pubertal threshold around 43 wk of age, attains qualitative parameters at 52 wk, matures further to sexual maturity at 70 wk, and (3) serum testosterone and ITAs are highly variable without any identifiable correlation with pituitary bioCG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes in endocrine profile and reproductive organs during puberty in the male marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus)

Chandolia¹,

Luetjens²,

Wistuba³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

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“…Progesterone concentrations were determined in petroleum ether-extracted urine (50-100 pi) and plasma samples (20-40 µ ) by radioimmunoassay without chromatography (Hodges et al, 1983), using WHO CHW1 anti-progesterone antibody. The sensitivity limit of the assay (determined as 90% binding) was 10 pg/tube.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social suppression of ovarian cyclicity in captive and wild colonies of naked mole-rats, Heterocephalus glaber

Faulkes¹,

Abbott²,

Jarvis³

1990

Reproduction

196

191

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To investigate the endocrine cause of reproductive suppression in nonbreeding female naked mole-rats, animals from 35 colonies were studied in captivity. Urinary and plasma progesterone concentrations were elevated in pregnant females (urine: 10.0-148.4 ng/mg Cr, 27 samples from 8 females; plasma: 3.6-30.0 ng/ml, 5 samples from 5 females; Days 21-40 of pregnancy) and cyclic breeding females (urine: 0.5-97.8 ng/mg Cr, 146 samples from 7 females; plasma: less than 1.0-35.4 ng/ml, 25 samples from 7 females). The latter group showed cyclic patterns of urinary progesterone, indicating a mean ovarian cycle length of 34.4 +/- 1.6 days (mean +/- s.e.m.) with a follicular phase of 6.0 +/- 0.6 days and a luteal phase of 27.5 +/- 1.3 days (19 cycles from 9 breeding females). In non-breeding females urinary and plasma progesterone values were undetectable (urine: less than 0.5 ng/mg Cr, 232 samples from 64 females; plasma: less than 1.0 ng/ml, 7 samples from 6 females). Breeding females had higher (P less than 0.001) plasma LH concentrations (3.0 +/- 0.2 mi.u./ml, 73 samples from 24 females) than did non-breeding females (1.6 +/- 0.1 mi.u./ml, 57 samples from 44 females). Urinary and plasma progesterone concentrations in non-breeding females from wild colonies situated near Mtito Andei, Kenya, were either below the assay sensitivity limit (urine: less than 0.5 ng/mg Cr, 11 females from 2 colonies; plasma: less than 1.0 ng/ml, 25 females from 4 colonies), or very low (plasma: 1.6 +/- 0.6 ng/ml, 15 females from 4 colonies). In captivity, non-breeding females removed from their colonies (i.e. the dominant breeding female) and either paired directly with a non-breeding male (N = 2), or removed and housed singly for 6 weeks before pairing with a non-breeding male (N = 5) may develop a perforate vagina for the first time in as little as 7 days. Urinary progesterone concentrations rose above 2.0 ng/mg Cr (indicative of a luteal phase) for the first time 8.0 +/- 1.9 days after being separated. These results suggest that ovulation is suppressed in subordinate non-breeding female naked mole-rats in captive and wild colonies, and show that plasma LH concentrations are significantly lower in these non-breeding females. This reproductive block in non-breeding females is readily reversible if the social factors suppressing reproduction are removed.

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“…Blood samples (up to 0.3 ml) were taken from the femoral vein of the oldest daughters using the method described by HEARN and LUNN (1975). After centrifuging, the plasma samples were assayed for progesterone using a radioimmunoassay which has been validated for use on the common marmoset (HODGES et al, 1983) with modifications as described by KENDRICK and DIxsoN (1983). The precision of the assay expressed as inter-and intra-assay coefficients of variation of repeated determinants of a marmoset plasma pool were 14.8 ~o (N ----9) and 5.1 ~ (N = 10), respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fertility of daughters in common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus jacchus) family groups

Hubrecht

1989

Primates

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ABSTRACT. Observations previously made in the field of inter-group mating raised questions concerning the fertility of daughters in family groups and about possible competition between mothers and daughters. To test whether daughters in captive family groups could become pregnant, daughters from four groups were placed with a strange male for a period of 30 min, twice a week for eight weeks. No changes were observed in the mother/daughter interactions during the time in which the daughters were allowed contact with the strange male. Two of the daughters showed signs of ovulation and the male only copulated with these animals. One daughter became pregnant, but it was aggression with her siblings rather than her mother which necessitated removing her from her family group.

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Sex steroids and their relationship to binding proteins in the serum of the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus)

Cited by 32 publications

References 6 publications

Changes in endocrine profile and reproductive organs during puberty in the male marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus)

Changes in endocrine profile and reproductive organs during puberty in the male marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus)

Social suppression of ovarian cyclicity in captive and wild colonies of naked mole-rats, Heterocephalus glaber

The fertility of daughters in common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus jacchus) family groups

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