Sex-Specific Variations in the mRNA Levels of Candidate Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Patients with Diabetes: A Multistep Study

Meta-Analysis and Network Analysis Differentially Detect Various Pro-Inflammatory Mediators and Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in the Elderly

“…The study demonstrated the effect of hyperglycemia on diverse body tissues as a result of protein glycation [7]. The most important factor in the advancement of diabetic complications, such as a higher prevalence of cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease, or retinopathy, is glucose toxicity [8][9][10].…”

“…Also, T2D has been shown to alter immune responses and cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, nuclear factors, and immune cells [9,10]. All of these are involved in the pathogenesis and complications of T2D [9,10]. The indicators that are strongly linked to T2D in older patients are not well understood.…”

“…The most important factor in the advancement of diabetic complications, such as a higher prevalence of cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease, or retinopathy, is glucose toxicity [8][9][10].…”

“…Because the causes of the onset and complications of T2D are numerous and varied, the study of routine biomarkers indicative of the pathophysiology of T2D is an important element [11,12]. For example, patients with T2D showed sex-specific changes in mRNA expression in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells [8][9][10]. Also, T2D has been shown to alter immune responses and cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, nuclear factors, and immune cells [9,10].…”

“…For example, patients with T2D showed sex-specific changes in mRNA expression in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells [8][9][10]. Also, T2D has been shown to alter immune responses and cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, nuclear factors, and immune cells [9,10]. All of these are involved in the pathogenesis and complications of T2D [9,10].…”