Sex‐specific metabolic signatures in methamphetamine addicts

Cheng, Zhen; Peng, Yaqin; Wen, Jun; Chen, Wenwen; Pan, Weichao; Xu, Xingshun; Lü, Xue; Cai, Qinglong; Ge, Feifei; Fan, Yu; Wang, Jun; Guan, Xiaowei

doi:10.1111/adb.13255

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Moreover, women polydrug ecstasy users following ATD showed a more significant mood lowering relative to their controls than men [ 90 ]. On the contrary, among methamphetamine users, only males exhibited downregulated plasma Tryp levels compared with controls [ 96 ]. Since individuals with addiction problems have high comorbidity with other psychiatric problems, this may explain the different results mentioned above [ 44 , 84 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Tryptophan Metabolism: A Systematic Review Focused on Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Pais

Martins

Gonçalves

2023

IJMS

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Tryptophan (Tryp) is an essential amino acid and the precursor of several neuroactive compounds within the central nervous system (CNS). Tryp metabolism, the common denominator linking serotonin (5-HT) dysfunctions and neuroinflammation, is involved in several neuropsychiatric conditions, including neurological, neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric diseases. Interestingly, most of those conditions occur and progress in a sex-specific manner. Here, we explore the most relevant observations about the influence of biological sex on Tryp metabolism and its possible relation to neuropsychiatric diseases. Consistent evidence suggests that women have a higher susceptibility than men to suffer serotoninergic alterations due to changes in the levels of its precursor Tryp. Indeed, female sex bias in neuropsychiatric diseases is involved in a reduced availability of this amino acid pool and 5-HT synthesis. These changes in Tryp metabolism could lead to sexual dimorphism on the prevalence and severity of some neuropsychiatric disorders. This review identifies gaps in the current state of the art, thus suggesting future research directions. Specifically, there is a need for further research on the impact of diet and sex steroids, both involved in this molecular mechanism as they have been poorly addressed for this topic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Tryptophan Metabolism: A Systematic Review Focused on Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Pais

Martins

Gonçalves

2023

IJMS

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“…Furthermore, acetylation of lysine plays an important regulatory role in cardiovascular disease ( 41 ). Both xanthine and inosine are involved in purine metabolism, while both purine and pyrimidine-related metabolites (e.g., xanthine base and adenosine 5´-monophosphate) are sensitive to METH addiction ( 42 ). Studies have shown that purine metabolism is also closely associated with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease ( 43 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the oral microbiome and metabolome of methamphetamine users

Wang,

Feng,

Yang

et al. 2024

mSystems

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Drug addiction can seriously damage human physical and mental health, while detoxification is a long and difficult process. Although studies have reported changes in the oral microbiome of methamphetamine (METH) users, the role that the microbiome plays in the process of drug addiction is still unknown. This study aims to explore the function of the microbiome based on analysis of the variations in the oral microbiome and metabolome of METH users. We performed the 16S rRNA sequencing analysis based on the oral saliva samples collected from 278 METH users and 105 healthy controls (CTL). In addition, the untargeted metabolomic profiling was conducted based on 220 samples. Compared to the CTL group, alpha diversity was reduced in the group of METH users and the relative abundances of Peptostreptococcus and Gemella were significantly increased, while the relative abundances of Campylobacter and Aggregatibacter were significantly decreased. Variations were also detected in oral metabolic pathways, including enhanced tryptophan metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis. Conversely, the metabolic pathways of porphyrin metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and pentose phosphate were significantly reduced. It was speculated that four key microbial taxa, i.e., Peptostreptococcus , Gemella , Campylobacter , and Aggregatibacter , could be involved in the toxicity and addiction mechanisms of METH by affecting the above metabolic pathways. It was found that with the increase of drug use years, the content of tryptamine associated with neuropsychiatric disorders was gradually increased. Our study provides novel insights into exploring the toxic damage and addiction mechanisms underlying the METH addiction. IMPORTANCE It was found that with the increase of drug use years, the content of tryptamine associated with neuropsychiatric disorders gradually increased. The prediction models based on oral microbiome and metabolome could effectively predict the methamphetamine (METH) smoking. Our study provides novel insights into the exploration of the molecular mechanisms regulating the toxic damage and addiction of METH as well as new ideas for early prevention and treatment strategies of METH addiction.

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“…Furthermore, acetylation of lysine plays an important regulatory role in cardiovascular disease [39]. Both xanthine and inosine are involved in purine metabolism, while both purine and pyrimidine-related metabolites (e.g., xanthine base and adenosine 5'-monophosphate) are sensitive to METH addiction [40]. Studies have shown that purine metabolism is also closely associated with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in the oral microbiome and metabolome of methamphetamine addicts

Wang

Feng

Yang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Drug addiction can seriously damage human physical and mental health, while detoxification is a long and difficult process. Although studies have reported changes in the oral microbiome of methamphetamine (METH) addicts, the role of the microbiome plays in this process is still unknown. This study aims to explore the function of the microbiome based on analysis of the variations in the oral microbiome and metabolome of METH addicts. Results: We performed the 16S rRNA sequencing analysis based on the oral saliva samples collected from 278 METH addicts and 105 healthy controls (CTL) undergoing detoxification at the detoxification center in Shandong, China. In addition, the untargeted metabolomic profiling was conducted based on 220 samples (170 METH addicts and 50 CTL) to identify the biomarkers and build classifiers for both oral microbiota and metabolites. Compared to the CTL group, alpha diversity was reduced in the group of METH addicts, with significant differences in the microbiota and changes in oral metabolic pathways, including enhanced tryptophan metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis. Conversely, the metabolic pathways of porphyrin metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and pentose phosphate were significantly reduced. It was speculated that four key microbial taxa, i.e., Peptostreptococcus, Gemella, Campylobacter, and Aggregatibacter, could be involved in the toxicity and addiction mechanisms of METH by affecting the above metabolic pathways. In addition, microbial prediction models were more effective than metabolite-based prediction models in identifying METH addiction. Conclusions: Our study identified the potential functional connections between the oral microbiome and metabolic profile of METH addicts, providing novel insights into exploring the toxic damage and addiction mechanisms underlying the METH addiction.

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Sex‐specific metabolic signatures in methamphetamine addicts

Cited by 7 publications

References 80 publications

Sex Differences in Tryptophan Metabolism: A Systematic Review Focused on Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Sex Differences in Tryptophan Metabolism: A Systematic Review Focused on Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Variations in the oral microbiome and metabolome of methamphetamine users

Alterations in the oral microbiome and metabolome of methamphetamine addicts

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