“…Studies in seabirds, snakes, and beetles further illustrate how other environmental effects can influence sex differences in aging. A study from a seabird, the imperial shag Leucocarbo atriceps , revealed a complex interaction between fledgling weight, resource availability, and social environment (sibling number) (Svagelj et al, 2021 ). Males are typically larger than females, and in poor years, chicks of both sexes without siblings showed worse performance.…”