Sex-Specific Association between Metabolic Abnormalities and Elevated Alanine Aminotransferase Levels in a Military Cohort: The CHIEF Study

Chen, Kaiwen; Meng, Fan-Chun; Shih, Yu‐Lueng; Su, Fang-Ying; Lin, Yanyu; Lin, Felicia; Lin, Jia‐Wei; Chang, Wei‐Kuo; Lee, Chung‐Jen; Li, Yi-Hwei; Hsieh, Chung-Bao; Lin, Gen‐Min

doi:10.3390/ijerph15030545

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The characteristics of participants who had serum ALT ≥ 30 U/L, the upper limit of normal levels of serum ALT [ 35 ], (n = 254) and those who had serum ALT < 30 U/L (n = 858) were expressed as mean ± SD and compared by two-sample t-test for continuous data, and presented as numbers (%) and compared by chi-square test for categorical data. In addition, the characteristics of participants who had serum AST ≥ 30 U/L, the upper limit of normal levels of serum AST [ 35 ], (n = 118) and those who had serum AST < 30 U/L (n = 994) were compared in the same manner. In order to reveal the distribution of BPV for all study participants, the range of each BPV index was divided by quantile.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Liver Transaminase Levels and Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability in Military Young Males: The CHIEF Study

Liu

Lin

Chen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: An inverse relationship of serum liver transaminases and mortality might be due to better blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. Whether it holds true regarding such an association for long-term blood pressure variability (BPV) in those without antihypertensive therapy is unclear. Methods: A population of 1112 military males without antihypertensive medications, aged 32 years, was collected from a retrospective longitudinal study in Taiwan. Serum liver aspartate and alanine transaminase (AST and ALT) levels were obtained from a 12 h-fast blood sample of each participant. BPV was assessed by standard deviation (SD) and average real variability (ARV) of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), respectively across 4 visits during the study period (2012–2014, 2014–2015, 2015–2016, and 2016–2018). Multivariable linear regression analysis was utilized to determine the association adjusting for demographics, anthropometric indexes, SBP, DBP, and lipid profiles. Results: In the unadjusted model, ALT was significantly and positively correlated with SDDBP and ARVDBP (β (standard errors) = 0.36 (0.16) and 0.24 (0.12), respectively), and so was AST (β = 0.19 (0.08) and 0.14 (0.06), respectively). All the associations were insignificant with adjustments. However, ALT was significantly and negatively correlated with SDSBP and ARVSBP (β = −0.35 (0.14) and −0.25 (0.11), respectively) and so was AST (β = −0.14 (0.07) and −0.12 (0.06), respectively) with adjustments. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that serum liver transaminases were negatively correlated with long-term systolic BPV in young male adults without antihypertensive therapy, and the clinical relevance needs further investigations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Liver Transaminase Levels and Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability in Military Young Males: The CHIEF Study

Liu

Lin

Chen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…e retrospective cohort was obtained from the Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Hospitalization Events in Armed Forces (CHIEF) study during 2014 [16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Tobacco Smoking with Physical Fitness of Military Males in Taiwan: The CHIEF Study

Wang

et al. 2020

Canadian Respiratory Journal

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Tobacco smoking has been found associated with lower cardiorespiratory fitness in white and black males; however, few studies have not been conducted to clarify such relationship in Asian males. We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between tobacco smoking status and physical fitness in 3,669 military males, averaged 29.4 years of age, from the cardiorespiratory fitness and hospitalization events in armed forces (CHIEF) study in Taiwan during 2014. There were 1,376 current smokers, and the others were noncurrent smokers. The effective sample size estimated was 1,230 participants, as the margin of error was ±3% at the 99% confidence level. Physical fitness was evaluated by time for a 3000-meter run test (aerobic fitness) and repetitive numbers of 2-minute sit-ups and 2-minute push-ups (anaerobic fitness) where all procedures were standardized by using computerized scoring systems. A multiple linear analysis adjusting for age, service specialty, body mass index, heart rate, alcohol intake, and training frequency was used to determine the relationship. As compared with noncurrent smoking, current smoking was inversely correlated with longer time for a 3000-meter run (β = 15.66 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 10.62, 20.70)) and fewer repetitive numbers of 2-minute sit-ups and 2-minute push-ups (β = −1.53 (95% CI: −2.08, −0.97) and −1.31 (95% CI: −2.12, −0.50), respectively). Our finding reconfirms the concept that tobacco smoking might reduce both aerobic and anaerobic fitness among young Asian males.

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“…It is notable that among the premenopausal women in Asia, the prevalence of metabolic abnormalities such as obesity and hypertension, which are the risk factors of cardiac hypertrophy, is low. [ 20 ] In a previous study in Taiwan, the LVM and LVM index were lower in the female adults as compared with the male adults and the values decreased with younger ages. [ 30 ] The mean of LVM/BSA index was 63.6 g/m 2 in women aged ≤30 years and 67.4 g/m 2 in women aged 31 to 40 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparisons of traditional electrocardiographic criteria for left and right ventricular hypertrophy in young Asian women

Lin

et al. 2020

Medicine

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The performance of electrocardiographic (ECG) voltage criteria to identify left and right ventricular hypertrophy (LVH and RVH) in young Asian female adults have not been clarified so far. In a sample of 255 military young female adults, aged 25.2 years on average, echocardiographic LVH was respectively defined as the left ventricular mass (LVM) indexed by body surface area (BSA) (≥88 g/m 2 ) and by height 2.7 (≥41 g/m 2.7 ), and RVH was defined as anterior right ventricular wall thickness >5.2 mm. The performance of ECG voltage criteria for the echocardiographic LVH and RVH were assessed by area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to estimate sensitivity and specificity. For the Sokolow-Lyon (the maximum of SV 1 or SV 2 + RV 5 or RV 6 ) and Cornell (RaVL + SV 3 ) voltage criteria with the LVM/BSA ≥88 g/m 2 , the AUC of ROC curves were 0.66 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.52–0.81, P = .039) and 0.61 (95% CI: 0.44–0.77, P = .18), respectively. For these 2 ECG voltage criteria with the LVM/height 2.7 ≥41 g/m 2.7 , the AUC of ROC curves were 0.64 (95% CI: 0.52–0.75, P = 0.11) and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.61–0.85, P = 0.0074), respectively. The best cut-off points selected for the Sokolow-Lyon and Cornell voltage criteria with echocardiographic LVH in young Asian females were 26 mm and 6 mm, respectively. In contrast, all the AUC of ROC curves were less than 0.60 and not significant according to the Sokolow-Lyon (the maximum of RV1 + SV5 or V6) and Myers’ voltage criteria (eg, the voltage of R wave in V1 and the ratios of R/S in V1, V5 and V6) with echocardiographic RVH. There was a suggestion that the ECG voltage criteria to screen the presence of LVH should be adjusted for the young Asian female adults, and with regard to RVH, the ECG voltage criteria were found ineffective.

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Sex-Specific Association between Metabolic Abnormalities and Elevated Alanine Aminotransferase Levels in a Military Cohort: The CHIEF Study

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Association of Liver Transaminase Levels and Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability in Military Young Males: The CHIEF Study

Association of Liver Transaminase Levels and Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability in Military Young Males: The CHIEF Study

Association of Tobacco Smoking with Physical Fitness of Military Males in Taiwan: The CHIEF Study

Comparisons of traditional electrocardiographic criteria for left and right ventricular hypertrophy in young Asian women

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