Sex-specific association between gut microbiome and fat distribution

Yan, Min; Ma, Xiaoguang; Sankaran, Kris; Yuan, Rong; Chen, Lijin; Baiocchi, Mike; Zhu, Shankuan

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-10440-5

Cited by 92 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, the application of experimental animal data to CAD in human requires caution and further evaluation, given major differences in gut microbiome between mice and humans. In addition, many confounding factors further influence gut microbiome composition in human, including sex, race, age, and lifestyles such as diet and obesity [9][10][11][12][13]. To investigate the association between specific gut microbes on the development of CAD, these confounding factors should be accounted for in any observed alteration; however, human gut microbiome data that demonstrates a clear association between the carriage or absence of particular microbes and human CAD is still weak.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronary artery disease is associated with an altered gut microbiome composition

et al. 2020

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Alteration of gut microbiome composition has been linked to cardiovascular diseases. To identify specific bacterial communities associated with coronary artery diseases (CAD), we conducted a case-control study with 53 advanced CAD patients and 53 age-, sex-, race-, and BMI-matched controls. V3-V5 regions of the 16S rDNA from the fecal gut material were analyzed to compare the gut microbiome composition between CAD patients and controls. The alpha diversity, including Chao-1, Shannon-index, and the number of observed taxonomy units were significantly decreased in CAD patients indicating, decreased richness and evenness of gut microbiome. Among 23 different abundant taxa at the genus level, 12 taxa belonged to Lachnospiraceae family, which are known to produce butyrate. Further, we identified five taxa which showed more than two log-fold changes with maximum proportion >0.002, including Ruminococcus gnavus, Lachnospiraceae anaerosporobacter, Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group, Lachnospiraceae UCG-004, and Ruminococcus gauvreauii. After adjustment for coronary risk factors (diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia), decreased relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group and Ruminococcus Gauvreauii and increased relative abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus were associated with the presence of advanced CAD. The observed differences in taxa between CAD patients and controls in this study may provide insight into the link between the gut microbiome and CAD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronary artery disease is associated with an altered gut microbiome composition

et al. 2020

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“…This is the rst study showing that the majority of highly active males with low to very low anxiety had more similar microbial composition, while those with moderate anxiety were more dissimilar in comparison. Sex-speci c connections between gut microbial composition and health biomarkers have been previously identi ed [74][75][76][77], indicating a need for sex-speci c interpretation of gut microbial research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to these numbers, the sex-strati ed population would allow us to detect moderate to strong correlations. Sex strati cation was performed as previous research has established a sex-differential connection between gut microbial composition and health biomarkers [74][75][76][77]. After being divided by sex, all variables were checked for normality by using Shapiro-Wilk tests, histograms, and QQ plots.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between the Distal Gut Microbiome and Anxiety in Highly Active Individuals

Marroquin¹,

Fletcher

Hwang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Traditional thinking is that physical activity benefits mental and physical health, however, excessive physical activity can increase anxiety, depression, and affect the gut microbiome. Considering the strong connection between the gut and the brain, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the association between gut microbiota composition and anxiety as well as depression in highly active individuals. Methods: Participants included 55 young adults (ages 18-25, 51% males). All participants were highly physically active, as determined by 7 days of SenseWear monitoring. Anxiety and depression were measured with the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories. Alpha diversity, beta diversity, and microbial composition were evaluated via 16S rRNA gene sequencing using distal gut samples. Results: Greater anxiety was associated with both lower distal gut alpha diversity ( P < 0.05) and higher beta diversity (PERMANOVA test; R-squared: 0.17562, P = 0.027), which appeared stronger in males. Genus level taxonomic abundance analysis showed Prevotella relative abundance as higher in males with higher anxiety ( P = 0.03, q=0.06). However, adjusted linear regression analysis, controlling for fiber intake and sex nullified the association between Prevotella and anxiety. Additional analysis demonstrated a strong association between lower dietary fiber intake and higher anxiety scores (Est.= -0.48, SE= 0.20 , P = 0.021). Conclusion: In highly active individuals, specifically males, there is a strong relationship between the gut microbiome, fiber intake, and anxiety. These data suggest highly active males with anxiety may benefit from increased dietary fiber intake.

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“…Copper-fructose interaction-induced metabolic effects exhibit sex dimorphism (23,25). Sex speci c alterations of gut microbiota in response to a speci c diets have been demonstrated in a variety of studies (57)(58)(59). Given that the gut microbiota play a causal role in driving the development of metabolic diseases, we aimed to determine whether sex-speci c alterations of the gut microbiota are linked to hepatic steatosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Dietary Copper-Fructose Interaction-Induced Alterations of Gut Microbial Activity are Not Correlated to Hepatic Steatosis

Song

Fang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Inadequate copper intake and increased fructose consumption represent two important nutritional problems in the US. Diet copper-fructose interactions alter gut microbial activity and contribute to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study is to determine whether dietary copper-fructose interactions alter gut microbial activity in a sex-differential manner, and whether sex differences in gut microbial activity are associated with sex differences in hepatic steatosis. Methods: Male and female weanling Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed ad libitum with an AIN-93G purified rodent diet with defined copper content for 8 weeks. The copper content is 6mg/kg and 1.5mg/kg in adequate copper diet (CuA) and marginal copper diet (CuM), respectively. Animals had free access to either deionized water or deionized water containing 10% fructose (F) (w/v) as the only drink during the experiment. Body weight, calorie intake, plasma ALT, AST and liver histology were evaluated. Fecal microbial contents were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Fecal and cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results: Male and female rats exhibit similar trends of changes in the body weight, body weight gain and calorie intake in response to dietary copper and fructose, with a generally higher level in male rats. Several female rats in CuAF group developed mild steatosis, while no obvious steatosis was observed in male rats fed with CuAF or CuMF. Fecal 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed distinct alterations of the gut microbiome in male and female rats. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) identified sex-specific abundant taxa in different groups. Further, total SCFAs, as well as, butyrate were decreased in a more pronounced manner in female CuMF rats than in male rats. Of note, the decreased SCFAs are concomitant with the reduced SCFA producers, but not correlated to hepatic steatosis. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated sex differences in the alterations of gut microbial activities and hepatic steatosis in response to dietary copper-fructose interaction in rats. Tissue-specific responses to dietary copper and fructose likely contribute to the sex differences in gut microbial activity and metabolic phenotype.

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Sex-specific association between gut microbiome and fat distribution

Cited by 92 publications

References 42 publications

Coronary artery disease is associated with an altered gut microbiome composition

Coronary artery disease is associated with an altered gut microbiome composition

Association between the Distal Gut Microbiome and Anxiety in Highly Active Individuals

Sex Differences in Dietary Copper-Fructose Interaction-Induced Alterations of Gut Microbial Activity are Not Correlated to Hepatic Steatosis

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