Sex, gender, and pain

Fillingim, Roger B.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-88534-8.00011-0

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 277 publications

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“…This finding was reported in similar studies [29,39]. It is stated that psychological factors are more strongly associated with chronic pain in women, possibly because women experience more psychological distress than men, and women respond differently to emotional stimuli than men [41]. This study also reported that the type of cancer treatment was a predictor of psychological pain beliefs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

The Pain Characteristics and Caregiver Burden in Patients With Cancer-related Pain and their Associated Factors: A Cross-sectional Study

Tuğba Yangöz,

Korkmaz

2023

JHNM

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Introduction: Pain is the most common symptom among patients with cancer; the pain also affects their caregivers. Objective: This study aimed to explore the pain characteristics and caregiver burden in patients with cancer-related pain and their associated factors. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 patients and their caregivers (120 patients and 120 caregivers), who were chosen using the convenience sampling method. They completed face-to-face surveys, including information about sociodemographic and disease characteristics, the brief pain inventory, the pain beliefs questionnaire, and the Zarit burden interview scale. The descriptive statistics, frequency distributions, and multiple linear regression model were used to analyze the obtained data according to the two-tailed P<0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients was 58.79±13.46 years, and 50.8% were females. The mean age of the caregivers was 47.84±13.24 years, and 83.3% were females. The linear regression analyses showed demographic and clinical factors of patients were associated with pain severity (R2=0.326, P<0.001). In addition, these factors were associated with all sub-dimension of pain interference and pain beliefs (P<0.001). Furthermore, the linear regression model showed that patients' pain severity, pain interference and pain beliefs were predictive factors of caregiver burden (R2=0.266, P<0.001). Conclusion: These results will help health professionals understand the pain characteristics of patients and caregiver burden to improve cancer-related pain and caregiver burden.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

The Pain Characteristics and Caregiver Burden in Patients With Cancer-related Pain and their Associated Factors: A Cross-sectional Study

Tuğba Yangöz,

Korkmaz

2023

JHNM

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“…The measured values of PPT serve as an indicator of the subjective intensity of pain perceived by the individual, making it effective for monitoring individual variations in pain levels over time. Several studies generally indicate that females tend to exhibit lower thresholds compared to males [30][31][32].…”

Section: Monitoring the Changes In Pptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Impact of Thermotherapy and Spinal Twisting Massage on Chronic Non-Specific Spinal Pain

Cho,

Jeong,

Kim

2024

Medicina

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As the prevalence of chronic non-specific spinal pain rises, the utilization of diverse massage devices for therapeutic intervention increases rapidly. However, research on their mechanisms, particularly those involving spinal twisting, is limited. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of heat application and spinal twisting massage techniques on individuals suffering from chronic non-specific spinal pain. A total of 36 individuals were divided into two groups: a control group (18 participants) and an experimental group (18 participants). The experimental group received heat treatment plus spinal twisting massage twice a week for four weeks, while the control group received heat therapy plus traditional vibration massage techniques. Effectiveness was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT), the Korean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (K-WOMAC) Index, spine tilt, and Cobb angle. VAS, K-WOMAC, and PPT significantly improved in both groups at all three time points. VAS notably decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group (p-value: 0.0369). Despite improvements in K-WOMAC and PPT scores within the experimental group, statistical significance remained elusive. Furthermore, spine tilt and Cobb angle showed no significant differences from baseline to the 6th week. In conclusion, the application of thermotherapy coupled with twisting massage demonstrates significant efficacy in mitigating chronic non-specific spinal pain, surpassing the pain-relief outcomes achieved through heat therapy in combination with standard vibration massage techniques.

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Pressure algometry in the general adult population: Age and sex differences

Vesal,

Roohafza,

Feizi

et al. 2024

Medicine

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Experimental pain studies have revealed inter-individual variations in pain perception that are influenced by age, sex, and country of origin. This study aimed to explore the age and sex differences in pressure pain thresholds within the Iranian general population. To assess the pressure pain thresholds, a handheld pressure algometer was applied bilaterally to the middle fingers of both hands. The participants also completed the short form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire to provide a clinical pain rating. This cross-sectional study included 1610 adult subjects (54.96% female, mean age 40.13 ± 10.18 years). The findings indicated that females generally exhibited lower pain thresholds than males when assessing pain detection and tolerance parameters (P < .001). Females also demonstrated a significant lower pressure thresholds and clinical pain ratings compared with men (P < .001). Additionally, significant differences were observed between age groups in terms of pain detection and tolerance thresholds (P = .02 and P = .03, respectively). However, the interaction between sex and age was not significant. No significant differences in pain detection thresholds were observed between the right and left hand (P = .11). This study underscores the potential utility of algometry as a valuable tool for objectifying pain in the Iranian population.

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Sex, gender, and pain

Cited by 4 publications

References 277 publications

The Pain Characteristics and Caregiver Burden in Patients With Cancer-related Pain and their Associated Factors: A Cross-sectional Study

The Pain Characteristics and Caregiver Burden in Patients With Cancer-related Pain and their Associated Factors: A Cross-sectional Study

Clinical Impact of Thermotherapy and Spinal Twisting Massage on Chronic Non-Specific Spinal Pain

Pressure algometry in the general adult population: Age and sex differences

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