Sex estimation of the pelvis by deep learning of two-dimensional depth images generated from homologous models of three-dimensional computed tomography images

Fukuta, Mamiko; Kato, Chiaki; Biwasaka, Hitoshi; Usui, Akihito; Horita, Tetsuya; Kanno, Sanae; Kato, Hirokazu; Aoki, Yasuhiro

doi:10.1016/j.fsir.2020.100129

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Interest in using medical imaging in forensic anthropology has recently increased. According to numerous research studies, measurements derived from biomedical imaging techniques have shown similar accuracy in sex estimation to other classical methods [23][24][25][26][27]. The studies supported the view that DSP is a reliable method of sex estimation based on CT images of the pelvis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Sex Estimation from Computed Tomography of Os Coxae—Validation of the Diagnose Sexuelle Probabiliste (DSP) Software in the Romanian Population

Stan,

Muresan,

Dumache

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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This study aimed to evaluate the DSP method’s applicability to Romania’s contemporary population and to assess the accuracy and reliability of variables derived from CT images. A total of 80 pelvic CT scans were analyzed. Participants ranged from 22 to 93 years, with a mean age of 59.51 ± 22.7 years. All variables measured from the CT scans were analyzed using DSP software. The study found that sex estimation was possible in 71.25% of cases overall, with varying rates between males (57.50%) and females (85%). Despite encountering undetermined specimens comprising 42.5% males and 15% females, only one misclassification occurred. Regarding accuracy, the overall rate remained notably high at 98.24%. All female specimens that could be estimated were correctly classified (100% accuracy), while for males, the accuracy rate was 95.65%. Undetermined cases were noted to potentially impact the accuracy of sex classification, underscoring the critical role of precision in forensic contexts. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of accuracy in forensic sex estimation. It emphasizes the confidence with which DSP software can be utilized, if not the only method, at least as a preliminary or adjuvantly accurate technique for sex estimation in forensic anthropology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Sex Estimation from Computed Tomography of Os Coxae—Validation of the Diagnose Sexuelle Probabiliste (DSP) Software in the Romanian Population

Stan,

Muresan,

Dumache

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…HBM-Rugle incorporates mHBM software and has additional functions for user convenience, including setting coordinate systems and size adjustment of input data. The robustness of the fitting accuracy of this software has been verified in several studies 52,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…By analyzing the coordinate values of the vertices that make up the mesh models using a multivariate analysis method, such as principal component analysis (PCA), variations in the entire surface shape can be analyzed, and virtual shapes at arbitrary positions in the distribution can be calculated and visualized 53 . Nowadays, mesh models created using template fitting have been widely used for shape analyses in various fields 52,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns of the cranial form of modern human populations described by analysis of a 3D surface homologous model

Matsumura

Tanijiri²,

Kouchi

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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This study assessed the regional diversity of the human cranial form by using geometric homologous models based on scanned data from 148 ethnic groups worldwide. This method adopted a template-fitting technique for a nonrigid transformation via the iterative closest point algorithm to generate the homologous meshes. Through the application of principal component analysis to 342 sampled homologous models, the largest variation was detected in overall size, and small South Asian crania were clearly verified. The next greatest diversity was found in the length/breadth proportion of the neurocranium, which showed the contrast between the elongated crania of Africans and the globular crania of Northeast Asians. Notably, this component was slightly correlated with the facial profile. Well-known facial features, such as the forward projection of the cheek among Northeast Asians and compaction of the European maxilla, were reconfirmed. These facial variations were highly correlated with the calvarial outline, particularly the degree of frontal and occipital inclines. An allometric pattern was detected in facial proportions in relation to overall cranial size; in larger crania, the facial profiles tend to be longer and narrower, as demonstrated among many American natives and Northeast Asians. Although our study did not include data on environmental variables that are likely to affect cranial morphology, such as climate or dietary conditions, the large datasets of homologous cranial models will be usefully available for seeking various attributions to phenotypic skeletal characteristics.

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“…In comparison to other research that used more than 200 training images to develop a deep learning model for sex determination such as Rajput and Sable 21 use 400 training images, Fukuta et al . 22 use 600 training images, and Bewes et al . 7 use 900 training images.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex determination using the clavicle by deep learning in a Thai population

et al. 2023

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Determining sex is a critical process in estimating biological profiles from skeletal remains. The clavicle is interesting in studying sex determination because it is durable to the environment, slow to decay, challenging to destroy, making the clavicle useful in autopsies and identification which can then lead to verification. The goal of this study was to use deep learning in determining sex from clavicles within the Thai population and obtain the accuracies for the validation set using a convolutional neural network (GoogLeNet). A total of 200 pairs of clavicles were obtained from 200 Thai persons (100 males and 100 females) as part of a training group. For the deep learning approach, the clavicle was photographed, and each clavicle image was submitted to the training model for sex determination. Training groups of 200 samples were made. Images of the same size were input into the training model. The percentage of the validation set accuracy was calculated from the MATLAB program. GoogLeNet was the best training model and get the result of validation set accuracy. The results of this study found accuracies for a validation set with the highest overall right lateral view of the clavicle with an accuracy of 95%. Accuracy from the validation set of each view of the clavicle can demonstrate the forensic value of sex determination. A deep learning approach with clavicles can determine the sex and is simple to utilize for forensic anthropology professionals.

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Sex estimation of the pelvis by deep learning of two-dimensional depth images generated from homologous models of three-dimensional computed tomography images

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Sex Estimation from Computed Tomography of Os Coxae—Validation of the Diagnose Sexuelle Probabiliste (DSP) Software in the Romanian Population

Sex Estimation from Computed Tomography of Os Coxae—Validation of the Diagnose Sexuelle Probabiliste (DSP) Software in the Romanian Population

Global patterns of the cranial form of modern human populations described by analysis of a 3D surface homologous model

Sex determination using the clavicle by deep learning in a Thai population

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