Sex Disparities in Adverse Childhood Experiences and HIV/STIs: Mediation of Psychopathology and Sexual Behaviors

Brown, Monique J.; Masho, Saba W.; Perera, Robert A.; Mezuk, Briana; Pugsley, River; Cohen, Steven A.

doi:10.1007/s10461-016-1553-0

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(111 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, our findings also indicate that the strength of the ACE-HEI association varies by race/sex group. This is consistent with the literature for the relationship between ACEs and other health outcomes ( 12 , 44 ) , and indicates that there may be additional factors at play within specific population demographics that need to be addressed in order to effectively estimate the ACE-HEI association in all subgroups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Adverse childhood experiences and adult diet quality

et al. 2021

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Childhood trauma is strongly associated with poor health outcomes. Although many studies have found associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), a well-established indicator of childhood trauma and diet-related health outcomes, few have explored the relationship between ACEs and diet quality, despite growing literature in epidemiology and neurobiology suggesting that childhood trauma has an important but poorly understood relationship with diet. Thus, we performed a cross-sectional study of the association of ACEs and adult diet quality in the Southern Community Cohort Study, a largely low-income and racially diverse population in the southeastern United States. We used ordinal logistic regression to estimate the association of ACEs with the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-10) score among 30 854 adults aged 40–79 enrolled from 2002 to 2009. Having experienced any ACE was associated with higher odds of worse HEI-10 among all (odds ratio (OR) 1⋅22; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1⋅17, 1⋅27), and for all race–sex groups, and remained significant after adjustment for adult income. The increasing number of ACEs was also associated with increasing odds of a worse HEI-10 (OR for 4+ ACEs: 1⋅34; 95 % CI 1⋅27, 1⋅42). The association with worse HEI-10 score was especially strong for ACEs in the household dysfunction category, including having a family member in prison (OR 1⋅34; 95 % CI 1⋅25, 1⋅42) and parents divorced (OR 1⋅25; 95 % CI 1⋅20, 1⋅31). In summary, ACEs are associated with poor adult diet quality, independent of race, sex and adult income. Research is needed to explore whether trauma intervention strategies can impact adult diet quality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Adverse childhood experiences and adult diet quality

et al. 2021

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“…Substance use, PTSD, and depression have all been associated with sexual risk behaviors (eg, condomless sex). 40 Ideally, therefore, women with these diagnoses would consult health providers, who would be knowledgeable of these associations and provide women with information on and access to PrEP. Substance use may impair one’s decision-making process or efficacy during a sexual encounter.…”

Section: Behavioral Health Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention in women: current perspectives

Flash¹,

Dale²,

Krakower³

2017

IJWH

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There are ~900,000 new HIV infections among women every year, representing nearly half of all new HIV infections globally. In the US, nearly one-fifth of all new HIV infections occur among women, and women from racial and ethnic minority communities experience disproportionately high rates of new HIV infections. Thus, there is a need to develop and implement effective HIV prevention strategies for women in the US and internationally, with a specific need to advance strategies in minority communities. Previous studies have demonstrated that oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), the use of antiretroviral medications by HIV-uninfected persons to prevent HIV acquisition, can reduce HIV incidence among women who are adherent to PrEP. However, to date, awareness and uptake of PrEP among women have been very limited, suggesting a need for innovative strategies to increase the knowledge of and access to PrEP among women in diverse settings. This narrative review summarizes the efficacy and safety data of PrEP in women, discusses considerations related to medication adherence for women who use PrEP, and highlights behavioral, social, and structural barriers to maximize the effectiveness of PrEP in women. It also reviews novel modalities for PrEP in women which are being developed and tested, including topical formulations and long-acting injectable agents that may offer advantages as compared to oral PrEP and proposes a community-oriented, social networking framework to increase awareness of PrEP among women. If women are provided with access to PrEP and support to overcome social and structural barriers to adhere to PrEP, this prevention strategy holds great promise to impact the HIV epidemic among women in the US and globally.

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“…Exposure to ACEs may also lead to a heightened propensity for various chronic conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and depression (Anda et al, 2008;Brown et al, 2009;Brown et al, 2010;Brown, Thacker, & Cohen, 2013;Chapman et al, 2004;Chapman et al, 2013;Ford et al, 2011). ACEs may also lead to riskier behaviors in adulthood, increasing the likelihood of substance use, multiple sexual partners, domestic violence (victimization and perpetration), and suicide (Anda et al, 2008;Brown et al, 2010;Brown et al, 2017;Brown, Perera, Masho, Mezuk, & Cohen, 2015;Cannon, Anderson, Rivara, & Thompson, 2010;Chapman et al, 2004;Chapman et al, 2011;Crouch, Radcliff, Strompolis, & Wilson, 2018a;Crouch, Radcliff, Strompolis, & Wilson, 2018b;Danese et al, 2009;Felitti et al, 1998;Horwitz, Widom, McLaughlin, & White, 2001). Repeated and unmitigated exposure to adverse events during childhood may activate stress-related hormones in the brain, which may lead to toxic stress and the disruption of healthy brain development in children and adolescents (Shonkoff, 2016;Shonkoff et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the association between parenting stress and a child's exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)

Crouch

Radcliff

Brown

et al. 2019

Children and Youth Services Review

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Nearly half of U.S. children age 0-17 have been exposed to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), accounting for over 34 million of children nationwide. Parenting stress (negative feelings related to the demands of parenting) is a primary risk factor for child maltreatment and neglect; yet has been an overlooked factor for ACEs. Understanding the degree of parenting stress and its subsequent associations with ACEs will facilitate future designations of relevant interventions to keep children safe. We analyzed 2016 data from the National Survey of Children's Health to examine whether increased levels of parenting stress are associated with higher counts of ACEs among children. About 4.4% of caregivers reported "high parenting stress" and children living with them were three times more likely (OR: 3.05; 95% CI: 2.23-4.15) to experience four or more ACEs by the age of 18. Lowering parenting stress through parenting interventions could decrease the level of childhood trauma experienced by a child or may lessen one type of stress in a home where many other stressors exist.

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Sex Disparities in Adverse Childhood Experiences and HIV/STIs: Mediation of Psychopathology and Sexual Behaviors

Cited by 28 publications

References 103 publications

Adverse childhood experiences and adult diet quality

Adverse childhood experiences and adult diet quality

Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention in women: current perspectives

Exploring the association between parenting stress and a child's exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)

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