Sex differences on the mental rotation test: An analysis of item types

Bors, Douglas A.; Vigneau, François

doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2010.09.014

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This finding most likely reflected the power conferred by the repeated measures design, since the effect sizes were generally small. With respect to sex, the findings were similar for the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses and consistent with those previously documented in the psychological literature—a male advantage for visuospatial skills and a female advantage for fine motor skills and processing speed (Bors & Vigneau, 2011; Jensen & Reynolds, 1983; Reite, Cullum, Stocker, Teale, & Kozora, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Four-Year Longitudinal Performance of a Population-Based Sample of Healthy Children on a Neuropsychological Battery: The NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development

Waber

Forbes

Almli

et al. 2011

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Study of Normal Brain Development is a landmark study in which structural and metabolic brain development and behavior are followed longitudinally from birth to young adulthood in a population-based sample of healthy children. Cross-sectional findings from the neuropsychological test battery have been previously described (Waber et al., 2007). The present report details 4-year longitudinal neuropsychological outcomes for those children who were aged 6 to 18 years at baseline (N=383), of whom 219 (57.2%) completed all 3 visits. Primary observations were (1) individual children displayed considerable variation in scores across visits on the same measures; (2) income-related differences were more prominent in the longitudinal than in the cross-sectional data; (3) no association between cognitive and behavioral measures and body mass index; and (4) several measures showed practice effects, despite the 2-year interval between visits. These data offer an unparalleled opportunity to observe normative performance and change over time on a set of standard and commonly used neuropsychological measures in a population-based sample of healthy children. They thus provide important background for the use and interpretation of these instruments in both research settings and clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Four-Year Longitudinal Performance of a Population-Based Sample of Healthy Children on a Neuropsychological Battery: The NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development

Waber

Forbes

Almli

et al. 2011

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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“…Voyer and Hou made note of the fact that the Peters et al MRT does not contain an equal number of each item type, making variability a possible issue in their study. Although the results of Voyer and Hou’s (2006) experiment did not yield a significant difference in performance between mirror and structural items, Bors and Vigneau (2011) found that mirror items were more difficult to rotate than structural items for both sexes, and a sex by distractor type interaction was also found, with a greater magnitude of sex differences in accuracy on the mirror items than structural items. Bors and Vigneau also replicated Voyer and Hou’s occlusion findings.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Sex Differences In Mental Rotationmentioning

confidence: 68%

Photographs of real human figures: Item types and persistent sex differences in mental rotation

Doyle¹,

Voyer

2018

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Sex differences in spatial ability Mental rotation is the ability to quickly and accurately rotate a two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) object's spatial orientation in one's imagination (Linn & Petersen, 1985; Voyer, Voyer, & Bryden, 1995). It has been well established that, on average, men perform better than women on mental rotations tasks (Linn & Petersen, 1985; Voyer et al., 1995). Voyer et al. (1995) found that the magnitude of the sex difference in spatial performance was largest on mental rotation tasks, particularly the Vandenberg and Kuse (1978) Mental Rotations Test (MRT), compared to other spatial tasks. The implications of sex differences in mental rotation are widespread. Most notably, performance on spatial tests has been correlated with mathematics achievement (Mix et al.

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“…Specific features of the MRT might account for the robust and large gender differences on the MRT. One aspect are the occluded items mentioned above, because men were found to outscore women more on those items than on non-occluded items (Voyer & Hou, 2006;Bors & Vigneau, 2011). A second aspect concerns the items in which the distractors are mirrored versions of the target, since a higher male advantage has been demonstrated for such items (Bors & Vigneau, 2011).…”

Section: Influence Of Task Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cars or dolls? Influence of the stereotyped nature of the items on children's mental-rotation performance

Ruthsatz

Neuburger

Jansen

et al. 2015

Learning and Individual Differences

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Sex differences on the mental rotation test: An analysis of item types

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Four-Year Longitudinal Performance of a Population-Based Sample of Healthy Children on a Neuropsychological Battery: The NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development

Four-Year Longitudinal Performance of a Population-Based Sample of Healthy Children on a Neuropsychological Battery: The NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development

Photographs of real human figures: Item types and persistent sex differences in mental rotation

Cars or dolls? Influence of the stereotyped nature of the items on children's mental-rotation performance

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