Sex differences in the relationship between planum temporale asymmetry and corpus callosum morphology in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): A combined MRI and DTI analysis

Hopkins, William D.; Hopkins, Anna M.; Misiura, Maria; Latash, Elitaveta M.; Mareno, Mary Catherine; Schapiro, Steven J.; Phillips, Kimberley A.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.04.003

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…1). This contrasts with previous analyses, which report a linear trajectory of development, suggesting an ongoing increase in relative area into old age (Hopkins et al, 2016;Hopkins & Phillips, 2010). This difference in the reported trajectories may be attributed to the fact that previously used linear or cubic polynomial fitting approaches are rigid, as the entire age range determines the results (Fjell et al, 2010), while in this study, we used GAMs, by means of smooth terms, which optimise curve fitting to better fit "local" data points (Sørensen et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Expectedly, similar dissociation between the two species are also found regarding the corpus callosum. While studies on humans report a prominent decline of midsagittal callosal area (Doraiswamy et al, 1991;Hasan et al, 2008;Prendergast et al, 2015;Raz et al, 2010;Skumlien et al, 2018) or thickness (Danielsen et al, 2020), preservation of callosal area has been reported in aging chimpanzees (Hopkins et al, 2016;Hopkins & Phillips, 2010). The present study, while confirming the general differences in aging trajectories of the corpus callosum of the two species, offers a series of important clarifications and novel data to the literature.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Thus, it is not surprising that the corpus callosum -as one of the major whitematter tracts -shows a similar dissociation between the two taxa. While studies on humans, as outlined above, find a prominent decline of callosal measures in old age, a preservation or even an increase in absolute or relative callosal area has been found in aging chimpanzees (Hopkins et al, 2016;Hopkins & Phillips, 2010). Thus, it may appear reasonable to conclude that over-proportional decline in hemispheric connectivity in aging is a human-specific phenomenon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Comparative morphology of the corpus callosum across the adult lifespan in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans

Westerhausen

Fjell

Kompus

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The human corpus callosum exhibits substantial atrophy in old age, which is stronger than what would be predicted from parallel changes in overall brain anatomy. To date, however, it has not been conclusively established whether this accentuated decline represents a common feature of brain aging across species, or whether it is a specific characteristic of the aging human brain. In the present cross-sectional study, we address this question by comparing age-related difference in corpus callosum morphology of chimpanzees and humans. For this purpose, we measured total midsagittal area and regional thickness of the corpus callosum from T1-weighted MRI data from 213 chimpanzees, aged between 9 and 54 years. The results were compared with data drawn from a large-scale human samples which was age-range matched using two strategies: (a) matching by chronological age (human sample size: n = 562), or (b) matching by accounting for differences in longevity and various maturational events between the species (i.e., adjusted human age range: 13.6 to 80.9 years; n = 664). Using generalized additive modelling to fit and compare aging trajectories, we found significant differences between the two species. The chimpanzee aging trajectory compared to the human trajectory was characterized by a slower increase from adolescence to middle adulthood, and by a lack of substantial decline from middle to old adulthood, which, however, was present in humans. Thus, the accentuated decline of the corpus callosum found in aging humans, is not an universal characteristic of the aging brain, and appears to be human-specific.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Comparative morphology of the corpus callosum across the adult lifespan in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans

Westerhausen

Fjell

Kompus

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Jäncke et al, 1994), but this has also been reported, albeit to a lesser extent, in chimpanzees too (e.g. Hopkins et al 2016;Taglialatela et al, 2007). The inferior parietal lobe (IPL), which surrounds the posterior termination of the SF, has expanded considerably during human evolution to be uniquely large compared to other great apes (Rilling and Seligman, 2002;Coolidge,…”

Section: Biological and Functional Implications Of Sf Findingsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans diverged as late as 6.3 million years ago (Patterson et al, 2006) and despite the chimpanzee brain being about one third of the size of the human brain, share similarities in gross and sulcal anatomy. Several studies have found evidence of cerebral asymmetries in the chimpanzee, albeit often diminished compared to humans, including left lateralised Total SF Length asymmetry (Yeni-Komshian and Benson, 1976;Hopkins et al 2000, Cantalupo et al 2003, SF depth asymmetry (Bogart et al 2012), leftward PT surface area asymmetry (Gannon et al, 1998;Hopkins et al, 2016), and rightward PP surface area asymmetry (Gannon et al 2005;Taglialatela et al 2007) (see Hopkins et al 2015…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Sylvian Fissure asymmetry and occipital bending in humans and Pan troglodytes

Hou

Crow

et al. 2019

NeuroImage

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The evolution of human-specific lateralised functions such as language has been linked to the development of structural asymmetries in the brain. Here we applied state of the art image analysis techniques to measure Sylvian Fissure (SF) asymmetry and Occipital Bending (OB) in 3D Magnetic Resonance (MR) images of the brain obtained in-vivo for 30 humans and 30 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). SF morphology differed between species, with the human SF terminating more superiorly in right inferior parietal lobe, an asymmetry that was on average absent in chimpanzees (F (1,52) = 5.963, p = 0.018). Irrespective of morphology, Total SF Length was, as previously reported, leftward in humans but not in chimpanzees, although the difference did not reach significance between species. However, when only brains possessing comparable bilateral SF bifurcation morphology were compared, humans showed previously reported "Typical" left-lateralised Anterior-Horizontal (AH-SF) and right-lateralised Vertical (V-SF) SF asymmetries. In contrast, chimpanzees lacked both asymmetries, and this approached being a significant difference between-species in the AH-SF segment (F (1, 34) = 3.680, p = 0.064). On average in humans the left occipital lobe crossed the midline toward the right (Rightward OB) which was significantly different from the chimpanzee cohort that showed no average OB (Independent-Samples Mann-Whitney U Test, p = 0.012). Furthermore, OB was related to SF asymmetry in humans, such that the more rightward V-SF and leftward AH-SF, the more rightward the OB. This "Default" pattern of SF and OB asymmetries was found in 41.7% of human individuals with bilateral SF bifurcation but none of the chimpanzees. To our knowledge, this is the first study highlighting that a pattern of SF and OB asymmetry distinguishes the human from the chimpanzee brain, and suggests this may be associated with a unique trajectory of brain development and functional abilities in humans.

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Comparative morphology of the corpus callosum across the adult lifespan in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans

Westerhausen

Fjell

Kompus

et al. 2020

J of Comparative Neurology

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The human corpus callosum exhibits substantial atrophy in old age, which is stronger than what would be predicted from parallel changes in overall brain anatomy. To date, however, it has not been conclusively established whether this accentuated decline represents a common feature of brain aging across species, or whether it is a specific characteristic of the aging human brain. In the present cross-sectional study, we address this question by comparing age-related difference in corpus callosum morphology of chimpanzees and humans. For this purpose, we measured total midsagittal area and regional thickness of the corpus callosum from T1-weighted MRI data from 213 chimpanzees, aged between 9 and 54 years. The results were compared with data drawn from a large-scale human sample which was age-range matched using two strategies: (a) matching by chronological age (human sample size: n = 562), or (b) matching by accounting for differences in longevity and various maturational events between the species (i.e., adjusted human age range: 13.6 to 80.9 years; n = 664). Using generalized additive modeling to fit and compare aging trajectories, we found significant differences between the two species. The chimpanzee aging trajectory compared with the human trajectory was characterized by a slower increase from adolescence to middle adulthood, and by a lack of substantial decline from middle to old adulthood, which, however, was present in humans. Thus, the accentuated decline of the corpus callosum found in aging humans is not a universal characteristic of the aging brain, and appears to be human-specific. K E Y W O R D S aging, atrophy, comparative anatomy, corpus callosum, Pan troglodytes 1 | BACKGROUND The corpus callosum is the major white-matter commissure (Schmahmann & Pandya, 2006) and has an important role in human perception and cognition (Gazzaniga, 2000). It supports the integration of complementary sensory information distributed across the two hemispheres (e.g.,

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Sex differences in the relationship between planum temporale asymmetry and corpus callosum morphology in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): A combined MRI and DTI analysis

Cited by 11 publications

References 72 publications

Comparative morphology of the corpus callosum across the adult lifespan in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans

Comparative morphology of the corpus callosum across the adult lifespan in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans

Measurement of Sylvian Fissure asymmetry and occipital bending in humans and Pan troglodytes

Comparative morphology of the corpus callosum across the adult lifespan in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans

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