Sex differences in stroke

Appelros, Peter; Åsberg, Signild

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64123-6.00021-7

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 162 publications

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“…Although the effect was statistically significant, the average difference of 2.45 versus 2.2 points was quite low and the question of clinical significance remains. Although women had more functional impairments and reported worse outcomes in multiple SIS domains both in the present study and in the literature [26, 27], this factor was not associated with the influence of education and migration background on HRQoL after stroke in the present analysis.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Influence of educational status and migration background on the long‐term health‐related quality of life after stroke

Braadt

Meisinger

Linseisen

et al. 2022

Euro J of Neurology

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Stroke is a major cause of disability worldwide and accounted for 143 million disability-adjusted life years in 2019 [1]. Over the years, acute stroke treatments, especially intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy, have significantly improved functional outcomes. Stroke outcomes are usually evaluated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). However, functional outcome measures mainly relate to activities of daily life and provide only limited information about the health status from the patient's perspective. Increasing evidence shows that the degree of disability does not necessarily correlate

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Influence of educational status and migration background on the long‐term health‐related quality of life after stroke

Braadt

Meisinger

Linseisen

et al. 2022

Euro J of Neurology

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“…Patients with Alagille syndrome exhibit sporadic spontaneous and provoked hemorrhages, with sex differences Sex is not thought to impact the prevalence of vascular defects or intracranial bleeds in ALGS (Kamath et al, 2004;Emerick et al, 2005;Carpenter et al, 2018). However, sex-based differences in cardiovascular disease, stroke, and intracranial bleeds in the general population have been reported (Appelros & Asberg, 2020;Zuurbier et al, 2022). To test if sex has an impact on vascular abnormalities in patients with ALGS we performed a systematic review, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines (Page et al, 2021), and assessed the full text of 771 publications.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences and risk factors for bleeding in Alagille syndrome

et al. 2022

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Spontaneous bleeds are a leading cause of death in the pediatric JAG1‐related liver disease Alagille syndrome (ALGS). We asked whether there are sex differences in bleeding events in patients, whether Jag1Ndr/Ndr mice display bleeds or vascular defects, and whether discovered vascular pathology can be confirmed in patients non‐invasively. We performed a systematic review of patients with ALGS and vascular events following PRISMA guidelines, in the context of patient sex, and found significantly more girls than boys reported with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage. We investigated vascular development, homeostasis, and bleeding in Jag1Ndr/Ndr mice, using retina as a model. Jag1Ndr/Ndr mice displayed sporadic brain bleeds, a thin skull, tortuous blood vessels, sparse arterial smooth muscle cell coverage in multiple organs, which could be aggravated by hypertension, and sex‐specific venous defects. Importantly, we demonstrated that retinographs from patients display similar characteristics with significantly increased vascular tortuosity. In conclusion, there are clinically important sex differences in vascular disease in ALGS, and retinography allows non‐invasive vascular analysis in patients. Finally, Jag1Ndr/Ndr mice represent a new model for vascular compromise in ALGS.

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“…The prevalence of CVD was known to be higher in men (91). Recently, the sex-based differences in stroke have been questioned, as some controversial results were obtained in clinical and population studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex as a Biological Factor in the Changes in Disease Patients During Ramadan Intermittent Fasting: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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BackgroundDuring Ramadan, many patients with diabetes, renal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal diseases, headaches, and epilepsy choose to fast even against their doctor's advice. The impact of this intermittent fasting on health and disease could be different in men and women. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sex as a factor in diseases outcomes of patients who opt to fast during Ramadan.Main BodyThe articles included in this study reported data on six diseases: diabetes, renal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal diseases, headaches, and epilepsy. A systematic search was performed on PubMed and Scopus for observational and clinical studies mentioning Ramadan, diabetes, renal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal diseases, headaches, and epilepsy in both men and women. Data was extracted by two independent reviewers using a standardized data-collection form. From 381 original articles, 38 studies were selected, including 25,023 patients of which 44.4% were women. Sex-based differences were reported by 18 studies for several variables such as body mass index, blood glucose, the frequency of hypoglycemia, renal colic, mortality, thrombosis, and gastrointestinal diseases in patients fasting during Ramadan. Most of the differences between men and women were reported both in the baseline period before Ramadan and during Ramadan. Indeed, during the period outside Ramadan, the frequency of renal colic, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal diseases, were higher in men; while body mass index, Thrombosis, and headache were higher in women. In the remaining 21 studies, it was reported that the sex factor was not associated with the effect of Ramadan fasting in the frequency and other outcomes of these diseases.ConclusionCurrently, small attention is paid to sex as a determinant factor in patients while fasting during Ramadan. There appeared to be differences in the frequency and incidence of diseases in men and women during Ramadan. Closer attention to sex differences regarding the frequency and the progression of the diseases during fasting may help to improve patient care, especially to benefit those patients willing to fast during Ramadan.

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Sex differences in stroke

Cited by 21 publications

References 162 publications

Influence of educational status and migration background on the long‐term health‐related quality of life after stroke

Influence of educational status and migration background on the long‐term health‐related quality of life after stroke

Sex differences and risk factors for bleeding in Alagille syndrome

Sex as a Biological Factor in the Changes in Disease Patients During Ramadan Intermittent Fasting: A Systematic Review

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