Sex differences in sex-role conceptions and family orientation of high school students

Angrist, Shirley S.; Mickelsen, Richard; Penna, Anthony N.

doi:10.1007/bf02139083

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Yet within this moderation, the majority of the attitudinal items elicited a significantly more nontraditional response from females, a finding supported by previous research (Parelius, 1975;Scanzoni, 1976;Bayer, 1975;Angrist et al, 1977).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Sex Role Orientation and Structural Correlates

Tomeh

1979

The Sociological Quarterly

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This paper examines female and male sex role orientation, with emphasis on the structural correlates of sex role altitudes. Based on a random sample of college students, the data on roles of both sexes along four dimensions of sex role orientation reveal that women more than men are nontraditional in sex role ideologies. Structural characteristics such as socio-economic status of parents, demographic and family composition predict more of the variation in the sex role orientation of men than of women. For women, the processes through which attitudes emerge may be related to exposure to nontraditional standards and values rather than related to the effect of their structural characteristics while men are influenced by structural characteristics. These data suggest a role sharing model for women, where opportunities and responsibilities between the sexes are shared, but for men, the data support a degree of sex role differentiation.Several recent studies focused on the correlation between various social psychological traits, social characteristics, and sex role attitudes (Ferber and Huber, 1975;Mischel, 1974;Hesselbart, 1975;Steinmann and Fox, 1970;Sterrett and Bollman, 1970;Meier, 1972). These studies show that males and females differ in sex role attitudes, but the data seldom are analyzed with respect to specific dimensions of sex role orientation. The purpose of this study is to explore female and male attitudes about sex roles and to examine the factors which contribute to the variation in sex role orientation.Three features distinguish this study from others. The measures of sex role attitudes represent specific aspects of orientation intended to tap dimensions of attitudes relevant to behavior. The roles of both sexes as perceived by each sex are analyzed. And most importantly, the attitudinal items are presented in the nontraditional or neutral sense taking into account the presumable changing status of the sexes.There are two conceptualizations of the sex role attitude continuum. One strategy, rather popular until very recently, is to conceive of equality versus inequality, where the focus is generally on female roles (Meier, 1972;Lipman-Blumen, 1972;Bayer, 1975) because conceptualization of modernity refers to accepting women with men in the work sphere whereas at the other end of the continuum traditionalism places women in the home.The other strategy involves a continuum with dichotomous differentiation and typing of sex roles on the basis of sex at one axis and lack of such a distinction at the other end of the continuum (Rebecca et al., 1976;Brogan and Kutner, 1976;Lipman-Blumen, 1973;Chafe, 1972;Osmond and Martin, 1975;Brogan and Kutner, 1976). That conceptualization takes both sexes into account and is based on a sex role continuum involving lesser or greater degrees of sex differentiation and sex typing. Traditional sex roles arc defined as those based on polar dichot-01979 by The Sociological Quarterly. AH rights reserved.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Sex Role Orientation and Structural Correlates

Tomeh

1979

The Sociological Quarterly

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“…The consistent tendency for males to be somewhat more conservative, on the average, confirms other reports of more traditional sex-role attitudes in males than in females (Angrist et al, 1977;Osmand & Martin, 1975). It still seems to us that the level of sex differences observed in our data are not pronounced enough to predict widespread and fundamental disagreement between the sexes about the proper roles for husbands and wives.…”

Section: Sex Differences In Preference Patternssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The evidence on all these questions is incomplete and inconsistent. Some investigators have observed trends towards egalitarian attitudes among college students (Bayer, 1975;Parelius, 1975), but others have reported considerable conservatism among high school students, and in some instances also among college students (Angrist, Mickelsen, & Penna, 1977;Christensen, 1961;Dunn, 1960;Nelson & Goldman, 1969;Osmond & Martin, 1975;Payne, 1956). Many of the latter studies suffer from methodological limitations such as old and possibly obsolete data, use of local samples of students, or question formats not detailed enough to enable a careful analysis of the range of possible attitudes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paid work, child care, and housework: A national survey of high school seniors' preferences for sharing responsibilities between husband and wife

1983

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A large national sample of high school seniors rated their preferences for the allocation of work and family duties within their own prospective marriages. The results indicate that many seniors favor half-time or fulltime work for wives without children. On the other hand, the majority prefer that the mother of preschool children stay home, although half-time work is acceptable to many. Respondents who are male or White or did not have a working mother themselves are somewhat more conservative on these issues. Virtually all seniors view less than full-time employment by the husband as unacceptable. With regard to child care and housework, most seniors prefer equal sharing between the spouses. A comparison of four senior classes reveals a slight trend from 1976 to 1979 toward increased sharing of duties.

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“…The middle-class white adolescents in the Emmerich and Shepard study (1982) had lower gendertyped preferences; the black sample working-class girls were more stereo-typed in early adolescents than were middle-class girls (Cummings and Taebel, 1980). Canter and Ageton (1984), Angrist, Mickelsen and Penna (1977) and Romer and Cherry (1980) also found some support for less traditionality in middle-class subjects.…”

Section: The Effects Of Distal Family Variables On Gender Schematamentioning

confidence: 89%