Sex differences in response to hepatitis b virus

Blumberg, Baruch S.

doi:10.1002/art.1780221114

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This was comparable with findings reported elsewhere . This difference might be due to the higher exposure to occupational HBV risk factors in males than females, or because females are more likely than males to produce hepatitis B surface antibody (anti‐HBs) in response to HBV infection . Nevertheless, no difference was observed in anti‐HCV positivity between males and females.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B and C virus infections among blood donors in Ethiopia

Hundie¹,

Raj²,

Gebremichael

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

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This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among blood donors in different regions in Ethiopia. A total of 56 885 sera were tested for HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies. Of these, 3.9% were found HBsAg-positive, 0.52% anti-HCV-positive, and 0.054% dual positive. HBV prevalence was relatively higher in Adama (5.91%) than Gondar (4.05%), Jimma (3.87%), Addis Ababa (3.75%), and Tigray (3.7%); and in males (4.64%) than females (2.1%). Overall, HBV and HCV prevalence increased with age. In conclusion, HBV and HCV seroprevalence among blood donors in Ethiopia is intermediate and low, respectively.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B and C virus infections among blood donors in Ethiopia

Hundie¹,

Raj²,

Gebremichael

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…This has been aptly reviewed by London and Blumberg. [13][14][15] It is postulated that HbsAg cross-reacts with a male-associated antigen and males would recognize this antigen as "self" and, hence, would have a lesser immune response and would be more likely to remain HBsAg positive. Another explanation may be the presence of genes that control the production of antibodies on the X chromosomes and, therefore, females have a greater variety of responses to infection than males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of HBV Markers in Adult Saudis in Relation to Age and Sex

et al. 1986

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Five hundred adult Saudi nationals (179 males, 321 females) were screened for hepatitis B virus markers. The prevalence of positive markers was: HBsAg = 26 (5.2%), anti-HBs = 158 (31.6%), HBeAg = 3 (0.6%), anti-HBe = 79 (15.8%), and anti-HBc = 144 (28.6%). Two hundred and nine (41.8%) had one or more positive markers. When compared to females, males showed significantly higher incidence of positive markers: HBsAg = 16 (8.9%) for males versus 10 (3.1%) for females; anti-HBe = 42 (23.5%) versus 38 (11.5%); and anti-HBc = 65 (36.3%) versus 79 (24.6%) [P < 0.01]. Anti-HBs was not significantly different between males and females. Males with positive markers had a higher positive HBsAg rate as compared to females, 17.9 versus 8.3 [P < 0.05]. When three age groups -18-24 years, 25-30 years, and >30 years -were compared, there was a significant increase of marker positivity with advancing age [P < 0.01]. This observation was more significant among males. These observations suggest: 1) the presence of high exposure rate despite relatively low infectivity (HBeAg < 1%); 2) exposure rate increases with advancing age; 3) females are better able to clear the HBsAg than males.

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“…One of the most severe consequences of chronic viral hepatitis is hepatocellular carcinoma which is nowadays the fifth most common cancer. Women and men differ in the antibody production after infection with hepatitis B or viral clearance after hepatitis C virus infection (Blumberg 1979). The response to therapy after interferon/ribavirin for HCV is sex dependent with more frequent adverse events in women.…”

Section: Gastroenterology and Hepatologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Sex and Gender Differences in Clinical Medicine

Regitz‐Zagrosek

Seeland

2012

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

102

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Sex and gender differences in frequent diseases are more widespread than one may assume. In addition, they have significant yet frequently underestimated consequences on the daily practice of medicine, on outcomes and effects of therapies. Gender medicine is a novel medical discipline that takes into account the effects of sex and gender on the health of women and men. The major goal is to improve health and health care for both, for women as well as for men. We give in this chapter an overview on sex and gender differences in a number of clinical areas, in cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, gastroenterology and hepatology, in nephrology, autoimmune diseases, endocrinology, hematology, neurology. We discuss the preferential use of male animals in drug development, the underrepresentation of women in early and cardiovascular clinical trials, sex and gender differences in pharmacology, in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, in management and drug use. Most guidelines do not include even well-known sex and gender differences. European guidelines for the management of cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy have only recently been published. Personalized medicine cannot replace gender-based medicine. Large databases reveal that gender remains an independent risk factor after ethnicity, age, comorbidities, and scored risk factors have been taken into account. Some genetic variants carry a different risk in women and men. The sociocultural dimension of gender integrating lifestyle, environment, stress, and other variables cannot be replaced by a sum of biological parameters. Because of this prominent role of gender, clinical care algorithms must include gender-based assessment.

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Sex differences in response to hepatitis b virus

Cited by 38 publications

References 24 publications

Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B and C virus infections among blood donors in Ethiopia

Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B and C virus infections among blood donors in Ethiopia

Prevalence of HBV Markers in Adult Saudis in Relation to Age and Sex

Sex and Gender Differences in Clinical Medicine

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