Sex differences in neuromuscular disorders

Vinciguerra, Claudia; Iacono, Salvatore; Bevilacqua, Liliana; Landolfi, Annamaria; Piscosquito, Giuseppe; Ginanneschi, Federica; Schirò, Giuseppe; Stefano, Vincenzo Di; Brighina, Filippo; Barone, Paolo; Balistreri, Carmela Rita

doi:10.1016/j.mad.2023.111793

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…Considering the distribution of the total number of patients in our study by sex, 73% of the affected patients were male, and only 27% of women were affected by this syndrome, supporting the theory that GBS is one of the rare autoimmune diseases that affects men more frequently (Figure 2) [4]. In one study, men were 2.3 times more likely to be affected than women, and they were also more likely to have a poorer response to immunomodulatory IVIG therapy [23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Analysis of Post-COVID-19 Guillain–Barré Syndrome over a Period of One Year in the University Hospital of Split (Croatia)

Dunkić,

Nazlić,

Dunkić

et al. 2023

Neurology International

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The virus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) is capable of attacking the nervous system in several ways and leading to neurological diseases such as GBS (Guillain–Barré syndrome) through the resulting neurotropism and immune response. The aim of this study is to show the relationship between Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and GBS and to better understand the clinical symptoms to prevent poor outcomes. Data from 15 patients were extracted from the Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Split, Croatia, for the year 2021. The age of the patients ranged from 26 to 89 years, of whom 27% were women. Sixty seven percent of all GBS patients recovered from COVID-19 infection, whereas post-vaccinal polyradiculoneuritis was detected in 6%. Forty four percent of the patients who developed GBS had a severe form of COVID-19 infection. Forty percent of patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), followed by therapeutic plasma exchange (PLEX) in 27%. After the therapy, improvement was observed in 13 patients, while two patients died. The results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 triggers GBS because it follows a similar pattern of infection as the other viral and bacterial agents that contribute to the onset of GBS. There is no evidence that prior infection with COVID-19 worsens the clinical presentation of GBS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Analysis of Post-COVID-19 Guillain–Barré Syndrome over a Period of One Year in the University Hospital of Split (Croatia)

Dunkić,

Nazlić,

Dunkić

et al. 2023

Neurology International

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“…Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to use meta‐analysis to generate effect sizes of sex differences in cross‐sectional areas, distribution percentages, and area percentages of various skeletal muscle fiber types as determined by biopsy in living humans. Such information has potential to clarify differences in neuromuscular anatomy and physiology between men and women and thus inform ongoing discussions about biological sex and its impacts on neuromuscular physiology, sport performance, and disease pathology (Hilton & Lundberg, 2021; Hunter, 2014; 2016a; 2016b; Jones et al, 2021; Nokoff et al, 2023; Nuzzo, 2023; Roberts et al, 2020; Vinciguerra et al, 2023). Such information also meets calls for more sex‐segregated data in biomedical research (Schilaty et al, 2018; Smith, Mckay, Ackerman, et al, 2022; Smith, Mckay, Kuikman, et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in skeletal muscle fiber types: A meta‐analysis

Nuzzo

2023

Clinical Anatomy

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Biopsies have been acquired from living men and women to determine proportions of Type I (slow‐twitch) and II (fast‐twitch) skeletal muscle fibers since the 1970s. Sex differences have been assumed but the literature has not been submitted to meta‐analysis. Here, the aim was to generate effect sizes of sex differences in muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas, distribution percentages, and area percentages. Data from 2875 men and 2452 women, who participated in 110 studies, were analyzed. Myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase histochemistry was used in 71.8% of studies to classify fibers as Type I, II, IIA, and/or IIX; immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, or sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used in 35.4% of studies to similarly classify myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform content. Most studies involved biopsies from vastus lateralis (79.1%) in healthy individuals (92.7%) between 18 and 59 years old (80.9%). Men exhibited greater cross‐sectional areas for all fiber types (g = 0.40–1.68); greater distribution percentages for Type II, MHC II, IIA, IIX fibers (g = 0.26–0.34); greater area percentages for Type II, IIA, MHC IIA, IIX fibers (g = 0.39–0.93); greater Type II/I and Type IIA/I fiber area ratios (g = 0.63, 0.94). Women exhibited greater Type I and MHC I distribution percentages (g = −0.13, −0.44); greater Type I and MHC I area percentages (g = −0.53, −0.69); greater Type I/II fiber area ratios (g = −1.24). These data, which represent the largest repository of comparative muscle fiber type data from living men and women, can inform discussions about biological sex and its impact on pathologies and sports performance (e.g., explaining sex differences in muscle strength and muscle endurance).

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“…When it comes to CTS in women, the elevated risk is usually a combination between work conditions, household duties and hormonal modifications. However, attributing the elevated risk of CTS in women solely to one of these risk factors would be inaccurate ( 38 ). Despite this increased susceptibility among women, further investigations into occupational Carpal Tunnel Syndrome reveal a contrasting severity pattern: men, although less frequently afflicted, tend to experience more severe symptoms of CTS and consequently, are more often recommended for surgical interventions compared to women facing similar conditions ( 39 , 40 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: a scoping review of causes, mechanisms, diagnosis, and intervention strategies

Rotaru-Zavaleanu,

Lungulescu,

Bunescu

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) has traditionally been viewed as a specialized medical condition. However, its escalating prevalence among professionals across a multitude of industries has sparked substantial interest in recent years. This review aims to delve into CTS as an occupational disease, focusing on its epidemiological patterns, risk factors, symptoms, and management options, particularly emphasizing its relevance in professional environments. The complex interaction of anatomical, biomechanical, and pathophysiological factors that contribute to the development of CTS in different work settings underlines the critical role of ergonomic measures, prompt clinical identification, and tailored treatment plans in reducing its effects. Nevertheless, the challenges presented by existing research, including diverse methodologies and definitions, highlight the need for more unified protocols to thoroughly understand and tackle this issue. There’s a pressing demand for more in-depth research into the epidemiology of CTS, its injury mechanisms, and the potential role of targeted medicine. Moreover, recognizing CTS’s wider ramifications beyond personal health is essential. The economic burden associated with CTS-related healthcare costs, productivity losses, and compensation claims can significantly impact both businesses and the broader society. Therefore, initiatives aimed at preventing CTS through workplace interventions, education, and early intervention programs not only benefit the affected individuals but also contribute to the overall well-being of the workforce and economic productivity. By fostering a collaborative approach among healthcare professionals, employers, policymakers, and other stakeholders, we can strive towards creating safer and healthier work environments while effectively managing the challenges posed by CTS in occupational settings.

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Sex differences in neuromuscular disorders

Cited by 9 publications

References 132 publications

Analysis of Post-COVID-19 Guillain–Barré Syndrome over a Period of One Year in the University Hospital of Split (Croatia)

Analysis of Post-COVID-19 Guillain–Barré Syndrome over a Period of One Year in the University Hospital of Split (Croatia)

Sex differences in skeletal muscle fiber types: A meta‐analysis

Occupational Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: a scoping review of causes, mechanisms, diagnosis, and intervention strategies

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