Sex differences in human jealousy A coordinated study of forced-choice, continuous rating-scale, and physiological responses on the same subjects

Pietrzak, Robert H.; Laird, James D.; Stevens, David A.; Thompson, Nicholas S.

doi:10.1016/s1090-5138(01)00078-2

Cited by 98 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The current study attempted to support such findings by devising a novel, contemporary, ecologically valid methodological approach whereby participants were presented with imagined sent or received messages discovered on a partner's Facebook account depicting either sexual or emotional contact between their partner or significant other (SO) and a 'rival' or third party. Broadly supportive of evolutionarily informed hypotheses predicting sex differences using both forced-choice and continuous measures in jealousy responses (Buss et al 1992;Easton et al 2007;Pietrzak et al 2002;Sagarin et al 2003;Schutzwohl 2005;Weiderman and Kendall 1999), significantly higher distress levels were evident in response to sexual than to emotional infidelity-revealing Facebook messages in males and in males compared to females. Using the forced-choice paradigm developed by Buss et al (1992), Groothof et al (2009) found significantly that more males than females chose a sexual online liaison (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The general area of sex differences with regard to jealousy in evolutionary psychology has been widely explored with research not only facilitating an understanding of this emotion but also aiding in the conception and implementation of novel methodologies (Buss et al 1992;Dunn and McLean 2015;Pietrzak et al 2002). Trivers' parental investment (PI) theory (Trivers 1972) is the most widely cited and influential theory used to explain sex differences across all species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Jealousy Levels in Response to Infidelity-Revealing Facebook Messages Depend on Sex, Type of Message and Message Composer: Support for the Evolutionary Psychological Perspective

Dünn

Billett

2017

Evolutionary Psychological Science

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Sex differences in how and to what extent jealousy manifests have long been documented by evolutionary psychologists with males showing more pronounced responses to sexual infidelity and females to emotional infidelity. With modern technology facilitating the opportunity for extra-pair relations and the means by which inclinations towards infidelity can be monitored, social media is a fertile ground to test hypotheses derived from evolutionarily informed theories. The current study presented male (n = 21) and female (n = 23) undergraduate participants with realistic, unambiguously sexual and emotional messages both sent and received that had been discovered (imagined) on their partner's Facebook messenger. Distress scores in response to these messages were measured on a scale of 0-10. Broad support for the evolutionary interpretation of sex differences in jealousy was found with more pronounced sexual jealousy in males, and emotional jealousy in females compared to males being evident. Similarly, salient sex differences were observed highlighting the importance of the composer of the infidelity-revealing message. For example, in females, higher distress was found resulting from the discovery of received (female rival) when compared to sent (male partner) messages, and received messages across sex (females higher). The results are discussed in relation to previous findings and in the context of growing concern relating to relationship dissolution and partner-initiated domestic violence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jealousy Levels in Response to Infidelity-Revealing Facebook Messages Depend on Sex, Type of Message and Message Composer: Support for the Evolutionary Psychological Perspective

Dünn

Billett

2017

Evolutionary Psychological Science

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“…Furthermore, men report that they feel anger and betrayal over sexual infidelity (Pietrzak, et al, 2002) and they report that they kill their partners in response to a partner's infidelity (Daly & Wilson, 1988). Therefore, men's killing methods may reflect more rage relative to women and thus we hypothesized that there will be higher percentages of hands-on deaths among men who kill their partners relative to women who kill their partners.…”

Section: Hypotheses and Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Men are more likely to kill in response to a partner's infidelity (Daly & Wilson, 1988), whereas motivations for women are more likely to include want for resources (Kirkwood, 2003) and fear for themselves or their children (Johnston & Hotton, 2003). Both men and women report feelings of anger in response to jealousy-inducing stimuli, but they also experience sex-differentiated feelings (Pietrzak, Laird, Stevens, & Thompson, 2002).…”

Section: Hands-on Killingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hands-on Killing of Intimate Partners as a Function of Sex and Relationship Status/State

Mize

Shackelford

2009

J Fam Viol

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Guided by evolutionary psychology and a situational perspective on violence, we generated three hypotheses to investigate whether the percentage of intimate partner homicides by beating, a hands-on homicide method, varies with the victim-offender relationship. We tested these hypotheses with a national database that includes incident-level information on over 50,000 intimate partner homicides. The results indicate that (1) men are more likely than women to kill a partner by beating, and (2) men are more likely to kill their partners by beating when the relationship is dating or non-marital cohabiting (versus legal marriage). We argue that the lack of commitment in these non-marital relationships may produce greater jealousy in men, driving the perpetrator to kill his victim in a more violent manner (i.e., beating), relative to men who kill their wives.

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“…Although studies have shown that there are no gender differences in the frequency and intensity of jealous feelings (Shackelford et al 2000), the interpretation and expression of jealousy may differ by gender/sex. For example, in response to a partner's infidelity, some studies suggest that men experience anger more frequently than do women (Becker et al 2004;Pietrzak et al 2002;Sabini and Green 2004). However, research has also shown that gender/sex differences do not emerge for hurt or disgust-related responses in response to hypothetical infidelity (Becker et al 2004).…”

Section: Individual Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

There’s Jealousy…and Then There’s Jealousy: Differential Effects of Jealousy on Testosterone

Ritchie

Anders

2015

Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology

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Jealousy evokes strong psychological responses, but little is known about physiological effects. This study investigated whether actively thinking about a jealousy-provoking situation would result in a testosterone (T) response, and what factors might mediate this effect. We examined T responses to imagining one's partner engaging in one of three activities: a neutral conversation with a co-worker, a flirtatious conversation with an attractive person, or a passionate kiss with an attractive person. Women in the flirting condition experienced a significantly larger increase in T relative to those in the neutral condition; the kissing condition was intermediate. In men, there were no significant effects of jealousy condition on T. These findings are consistent with the Steroid/Peptide Theory of Social Bonds, such that the flirting condition elicited a 'competitive' T response, and the kissing condition elicited responses consistent with defeat.

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Sex differences in human jealousy A coordinated study of forced-choice, continuous rating-scale, and physiological responses on the same subjects

Cited by 98 publications

References 19 publications

Jealousy Levels in Response to Infidelity-Revealing Facebook Messages Depend on Sex, Type of Message and Message Composer: Support for the Evolutionary Psychological Perspective

Jealousy Levels in Response to Infidelity-Revealing Facebook Messages Depend on Sex, Type of Message and Message Composer: Support for the Evolutionary Psychological Perspective

Hands-on Killing of Intimate Partners as a Function of Sex and Relationship Status/State

There’s Jealousy…and Then There’s Jealousy: Differential Effects of Jealousy on Testosterone

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