Sex Differences in Cancellous and Cortical Bone Strength, Bone Mineral Content and Bone Density

Oyster, Nancy

doi:10.1093/ageing/21.5.353

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, femoral volumetric BMD, bone area and area moments of inertia are greater in male compared to female subjects (TaaVe et al 2003). In contrast, vertebral bone parameters were not signiWcantly diVerent between male and female mice, similar to reports in humans (Hadjidakis et al 2006;Oyster 1992). Histological examination demonstrated that marrow adiposity is both gender and location dependent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Type I diabetic bone phenotype is location but not gender dependent

Martin

McCabe

2007

Histochem Cell Biol

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Bone is highly dynamic and responsive. Bone location, bone type and gender can influence bone responses (positive, negative or none) and magnitude. Type I diabetes induces bone loss and increased marrow adiposity in the tibia. We tested if this response exhibits gender and location dependency by examining femur, vertebrae and calvaria of male and female, control and diabetic BALB/c mice. Non-diabetic male mice exhibited larger body, muscle, and fat mass, and increased femur BMD compared to female mice, while vertebrae and calvarial bone parameters did not exhibit gender differences. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes caused a reduction in BMD at all sites examined irrespective of gender. Increased marrow adiposity was evident in diabetic femurs and calvaria (endochondrial and intramembranous formed bones, respectively), but not in vertebrae. Leptin-deficient mice also exhibit location dependent bone responses and we found that serum leptin levels were significantly lower in diabetic compared to control mice. However, in contrast to leptin-deficient mice, the vertebrae of T1-diabetic mice exhibit bone loss, not gain. Taken together, our findings indicate that TI-diabetic bone loss in mice is not gender, bone location or bone type dependent, while increased marrow adiposity is location dependent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Type I diabetic bone phenotype is location but not gender dependent

Martin

McCabe

2007

Histochem Cell Biol

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“…On completion of growth, there is a period of skeletal consolidation. Peak bone mass is reached by individuals of both sexes at the age of 25 to 40 years (16, 17) . After the peak, the BMD values show a clear decrease with age in cross‐sectional studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies showed possible major gene effect not only on baseline cortical index but also on sex‐specific age at the beginning of cortical bone loss and on annual rate of bone loss once it is started. The rationale for such modeling is a well‐recognized fact that bone mass decrease advances with age and is characterized by a sex‐specific pattern of such change: bone loss starts at different ages and continues gradually with varying intensity in males and females (16–19) . Potential sex‐ and age‐genotype‐specific interactions in genetic control of BMD were assumed, in a number of publications, (3, 18, 20, 21) as apparent incomplete expression of genes at certain ages or differences in gene action at different ages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Segregation Analysis of the Radiographic Phalanges Bone Mineral Density and Their Age-Related Changes

Livshits

Karasik

Kobyliansky

2002

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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The complex segregation analyses performed in our previous studies revealed a significant major gene (MG) effect on the age-adjusted cortical and cancellous bone mineral density (BMD) in two ethnically different populations, Chuvasha and Turkmenians. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis of pleiotropic MG control of three components of bone aging, that is, the baseline level of BMD ( gs ), the age at onset of the bone mass loss (T gs ), and the rate of this loss over the years (␣ gs ). Nuclear and more complex pedigrees from the same two ethnic samples were assessed for hand phalangeal BMD (Chuvasha, 1208 individuals, and Turkmenians, 643 individuals), and complex segregational analysis incorporating age and sex effects directly into MG penetrance function was carried out. The results of the present analysis clearly confirmed the existence of the putative MG and showed that the proportion of BMD variation attributable to this MG effect within the sex was remarkably similar in both populations and ranged between 34.7% and 35.2%. The most parsimonious model for BMD transmission in Chuvasha pedigrees additionally indicated significant residual correlation between siblings and clear sex differences in the annual rates of bone loss ␣ gs . The latter was more than twice as high in females than that in males (0.086 SD vs. 0.033 SD per year). In Turkmenian pedigrees the most parsimonious model presented obvious evidence of the MG control of BMD baseline levels in both sexes with significantly lower baseline levels and younger age at onset (T gs ) in females. No clear MG effects were inferred on T gs and/or ␣ gs in either sample, either in males or in females. That is, the present study does not suggest MG ؋ SEX ؋ AGE interaction. We suppose that if the rate of age-related changes in phalangeal BMD is genetically determined, then these are not the same genes as those affecting the BMD baseline levels. (J Bone Miner Res 2002;17:152-161)

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“…Peak bone mass is reached by individuals of both sexes at a relatively young age [between 25 and 40 years of age (Dequeker, 1976;Oyster, 1992)]. Peak bone mass is reached by individuals of both sexes at a relatively young age [between 25 and 40 years of age (Dequeker, 1976;Oyster, 1992)].…”

Section: Segregation Analysis Of Metacarpal Cortical Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence on major gene control of cortical index in pedigree data from Middle Dalmatia, Croatia

Ginsburg

Škarić‐Jurić

Kobyliansky

et al. 2001

American J Hum Biol

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It was recently reported that the inheritance of the metacarpal cortical index (CI) in the Chuvashian population can be described in terms of a major gene (MG) model. By applying transmission probability tests, the hypothesis was accepted that not only baseline level of CI but also its sex-specific dependence on age were under control of the same putative large-effect gene. Using a pedigree sample from the population of the islands of Middle Dalmatia, Croatia (847 observed individuals in 278 pedigrees), data are presented to support the above findings. The following hypotheses were accepted: (i) inheritance of baseline CI in the Croatian population can be attributed to the effect of a MG responsible for about 42% of the variation; (ii) the same MG takes part in the control of the dependence of CI on age, particularly the age at onset of involutive bone changes (inflection point), and of the rate of decrease in CI with age (slope coefficient). Issues related to the assortative mating effect on CI and the determination of the most parsimonious model are discussed.

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Sex Differences in Cancellous and Cortical Bone Strength, Bone Mineral Content and Bone Density

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Type I diabetic bone phenotype is location but not gender dependent

Type I diabetic bone phenotype is location but not gender dependent

Complex Segregation Analysis of the Radiographic Phalanges Bone Mineral Density and Their Age-Related Changes

Evidence on major gene control of cortical index in pedigree data from Middle Dalmatia, Croatia

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