Sex differences in autonomic response and situational appraisal of a competitive situation in young adults

Abad‐Tortosa, Diana; Alacreu‐Crespo, Adrián; Costa, Raquel; Salvador, Alicia; Rosa, Miguel Ángel Serrano

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.04.008

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…the results were non-significant, showing that, in the competition group nor control group, arousal levels did not influence arousal during the experimental protocol. These results could be complemented with previous studies that found higher physiological arousal in compe tition compared to a non-competitive task (Abad-Tortosa, Alacreu-Crespo, Costa, Salvador, & Serrano, 2017), suggesting that psychophysiological activation is necessary to appropriately cope with competitive situations. However, this was not tested in this study.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Currently, several experimental and review studies are still trying to find out whether there is a psychophysiological response pattern to competition in humans (e.g. Abad-Tortosa, Alacreu-Crespo, Costa, Salvador, & Serrano, 2017;Casto & Edwards, 2016;Costa & Salvador, 2012;, based on the biosocial model of status (Mazur, 1985) and the challenge hypothesis (Wingfield, Hegner, Dufty, & Ball, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hormonal and emotional responses to competition using a dyadic approach: Basal testosterone predicts emotional state after a defeat

Abad‐Tortosa

Costa

Alacreu‐Crespo

et al. 2019

Physiology & Behavior

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The present study analyzes the testosterone (T), cortisol (C) and emotional response in competitive interactions between dyads, as well as the relationship between basal T and the emotional response. Seventy-two men and women (36 dyads) participated in same-sex dyads in a face-to-face laboratory competition, and thirty-two men and women (16 dyads) carried out the same task in a noncompetitive condition. Salivary samples (5ml of saliva, plastic vials) were provided at three time points (baseline, task, and post-task), and subsequently T (pg/ml) and C (nmol/L) concentrations were measured using ELISA method. Participants completed self-reported measures of emotional valence, emotional arousal and perceived dominance by means of the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), at three time points (pre-task, task, and post-task). Two-level crossed Multilevel Models (MLM) showed a participants' stability in C (Mean ± SEM: baseline: 3.84 ± .28, task: 2.92 ± .28 and post-task: 2.62 ± .3), emotional valence (pre-task: 4 ± .06, task: 3.66 ± .1 and post-task: 3.84 ± .09), arousal (pre-task: 3.29 ± .09, task: 3.83 ± .09 and post-task: 3.38 ± .1) and dominance (pre-task: 3.28 ± .08, task: 3.4 ± .1 and post-task: 3.44 ± .09) values, which in the case of emotional valence and dominance was modulated by time-point, outcome and sex. Furthermore, analyses revealed that opponents' C, arousal and dominance values at one time-point influenced participants' values at the following time-point modulated by outcome, sex and time-point. Moreover, MLM indicated that in loser men, individuals higher in basal T (126.31 ± 6.4) displayed higher negative emotional valence after the defeat (post-task: 3.6 ± .21), while in women basal T (99.78 ± 12.6) was not significantly related to post competition emotional valence. These findings reinforce the importance of studying the relationship between hormonal and psychological changes in dyadic competition, and confirm that men and women differ in their psychophysiological responses to competition.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal and emotional responses to competition using a dyadic approach: Basal testosterone predicts emotional state after a defeat

Abad‐Tortosa

Costa

Alacreu‐Crespo

et al. 2019

Physiology & Behavior

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“…The competition was based on previous studies (Abad‐Tortosa, Alacreu‐Crespo, Costa, Salvador, & Serrano, ; Costa & Salvador, ) and consisted of a paper‐and‐pencil cognitive task characterized by high attention and perception levels, “the letters squares”. The participants had to find one repeated letter in a line or column of a matrix as fast as possible and then repeat the process on the next matrix (see Costa & Salvador, for more details).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal changes after competition predict sex‐differentiated decision‐making

Alacreu‐Crespo

Costa

Abad‐Tortosa

et al. 2019

Behavioral Decision Making

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Recent neuroendocrinology research has pointed out that testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) changes after social interactions can predict risk‐taking behavior in decision‐making, depending on the sex of participants. However, previous research has focused on the effects of the changes in only one hormone, rather than the interaction between them, even though C can suppress T activity. Our aim was to test, in men and women, the role of T changes moderated by C changes after competition in decision‐making. Thus, 48 males and 46 females completed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) after a laboratory competition or a noncompetitive task (control task). Saliva samples were collected before and after the competition/control task. IGT was employed to measure risk‐taking decision‐making, considering the degree of uncertainty. Our results showed sex‐differentiated effects of T and C changes on risk‐taking behavior. On the one hand, men from both task groups (Competition/Control) who had higher C and T changes after competition showed more risk‐taking decision‐making (higher IG Risk). On the other hand, women from the competitive task who had high C and T showed conservative decision‐making. Therefore, these results show sex‐differentiated decision‐making profiles, which would help to understand how men and women behave after experiencing a competitive social context.

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“…A study comprising 484 GD patients showed that men had more difficulties in ER compared to women (specifically, men had poorer performance in the non-acceptance of emotions domain; Sancho et al, 2019). Other studies in laboratory conditions and with healthy populations show results contrary to the study, suggesting that women could react to laboratory stressors with higher HR responses, whereas men have greater blood pressure (Carrillo et al, 2001;Abad-Tortosa et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

A Serious Game to Improve Emotion Regulation in Treatment-Seeking Individuals With Gambling Disorder: A Usability Study

et al. 2021

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Background: Serious games have shown positive results in increasing motivation, adherence to treatment and strengthening the therapeutic alliance in multiple psychiatric disorders. In particular, patients with impulse control disorders and other disorders in which the patient suffers from inhibitory control deficits (e.g., behavioral addictions) have been shown to benefit from serious games.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and to evaluate the usability of a new serious videogame, e-Estesia. This serious videogame was designed to improve emotion regulation in patients with gambling disorder (GD). Preliminary results from a pilot sample are also reported.Method: A pilot sample of 26 patients undergoing treatment for GD was recruited (ranging from 22 to 74 years, mean = 41.2 and SD = 12.9; 80.8% men). Participants used e-Estesia on a tablet, which was connected to a thoracic band that sent heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) data to the videogame platform in order to provide biofeedback. The System Usability Scale was completed by patients to determine the usability of e-Estesia.Results and Discussion: e-Estesia performed comparatively well for all the explored groups (i.e., sex, age, and online vs. offline gambling: mean usability score = 83.8, SD = 13.1). Around 84.6% of the patients endorsed that it was easy to use. Female patients with GD presented higher HRV during the use of the serious videogame compared to men.

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Sex differences in autonomic response and situational appraisal of a competitive situation in young adults

Cited by 14 publications

References 51 publications

Hormonal and emotional responses to competition using a dyadic approach: Basal testosterone predicts emotional state after a defeat

Hormonal and emotional responses to competition using a dyadic approach: Basal testosterone predicts emotional state after a defeat

Hormonal changes after competition predict sex‐differentiated decision‐making

A Serious Game to Improve Emotion Regulation in Treatment-Seeking Individuals With Gambling Disorder: A Usability Study

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