Sex Differences in Authorship of Major Gastroenterology Society Guidelines and Technical Reviews

Bushyhead, Daniel; Strate, Lisa L.

doi:10.1007/s10620-019-06040-4

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…2 Subsequently, there has been a growing body of literature focusing on this critically important topic. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] This study heeds the call from the 2018 comprehensive analysis to conduct further investigation of guideline authorship published by societies in "specialties of interest." 2 Given known gender differences in practices [11][12][13][14] along with growing numbers of women neurologists, [15][16][17] such evaluation is essential from a patient care perspective in neurology.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gender Representation Among Physician Authors of Practice Guidelines Developed, Endorsed, or Affirmed by the American Academy of Neurology

et al. 2023

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Background and ObjectivesTo assess American Academy of Neurology (AAN)–recommended Practice Guidelines (PGs) for equity in gender representation among physician authors.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included AAN-recommended PG publications from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2020. Author degrees and gender were identified by 2 reviewers using the publication and/or online searches. Gender was determined from pronouns or photographs. Gender representation was compared with Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) data on academic neurologists. Data were analyzed usingZtests of 2 proportions and descriptive statistics.ResultsAAMC benchmarks report academic women neurologists represented 35% of the specialty in 2015, 38% in 2018, and 39% in 2020. We identified 68 unique PG publications with 709 physician authors, 31% (223) women, 68% (484) men, and 0.3% (2) gender could not be identified. Representation of women physicians was low among PG authors across all benchmarks, significantly so for 2018 and 2020 (p< 0.01). Among physician first authors, women were significantly underrepresented across all benchmarks (18% [12/65],p< 0.01). Representation of women physicians was lower when men physicians were first authors vs women physicians (31% [161/524] vs 43% [50/118],p= 0.02). Among subspecialties with 10+ PGs, women physician authorship was highest in child neurology (48% [57/120]) and lowest in stroke and vascular neurology (16% [18/113]).DiscussionWe found that women physicians were underrepresented as authors of AAN–recommended PGs. This suggests a missed opportunity for neurology because PGs that include expertise from women physicians may improve care and translation into practice. In addition, women physicians lose out on professional development from authorship. Further research is needed to understand causality and address gaps.

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confidence: 99%

Gender Representation Among Physician Authors of Practice Guidelines Developed, Endorsed, or Affirmed by the American Academy of Neurology

et al. 2023

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“…Looking at GI societal guidelines and technical reviews between 2007 and 2019, Bushyhead et al found that 18% of first authors were female with 21% of overall authorship being female. Statistically significant improvement in female authorship was only noted for AASLD guidelines ( 17 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Under-representation of Canadian Women in Gastroenterology from Residency to Leadership

Jawaid

LoMonaco²,

Bollegala

2021

Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology

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Background To determine representation of women in gastroenterology (GI) at residency and leadership levels in Canada. Methods The Canadian Resident Matching Service provided data for internal medicine (IM), general surgery (GS), GI and cardiology applicant cycles 2014 to 2018. Z-tests were used to compare proportion of women entering each residency program. An internet search was conducted to calculate percentages of women as GI association presidents, residency program directors, division heads and oral speakers at conferences. Results IM residency had on average of 1789 applicants with 487 matched (49.4% versus 49.5% women). GS residency had on average 357 applicants with 90 matched (41% versus 54.4% women). GI residency had on average 46 applicants with 34 matched (37% versus 35.3% women). Cardiology residency had on average 76 applicants with 54 matched (29% versus 27.8% women). The Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG) has had two out of 47 (4.2%) women presidents. The Ontario Association of Gastroenterology (OAG) has had no women presidents (0/9). The Association des gastro-entérologues du Québec (AGEQ) has had two out of 15 (13%) women presidents. The Alberta Society of Gastroenterology (ASG) has had one out of five (20%) women presidents. From 2018 to 2020, university division heads ranged from 0% to 13.3% women (0 to 2/15). University GI training program directors ranged from 28.6% to 35.7% (4 to 5/14). Women speakers at CAG’s annual conference varied 27% to 42% from 2016 to 2020, averaging 32.7%. Women speakers at OAG’s, AGEQ’s and ASG’s annual conferences averaged 23.3%, 24.1% and 35%, respectively. Conclusion Women gastroenterologists display low representation at multiple levels along the GI career pathway.

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“…Variations in percentages of male authors in recent years (Figure 6) suggests that female authors are playing an increasing role, as per other fields (Bushyhead and Strate, 2020;Miller et al, 2020). However, most tobacco control interventions are still conducted by male authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of tobacco control interventions in the Global South

Kumar

Janmohamed

Jiang

et al. 2020

DAT

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Purpose The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) has been broadly successful but less so in the Global South. This paper aims to effectively design interventions that to mitigate tobacco-related harms in the Global South, further understanding of interventions in this environment will be helpful, in line with FCTC recommendations. The first objective was to locate and review all published literature relating to tobacco control interventions in the Global South. The second objective was to provide information on research trends within Global South tobacco control interventions. Design/methodology/approach A literature search was conducted across six databases. Findings Despite the FCTC detailing the significance of the research, studies are still lacking in the Global South. There are significant research gaps such as longitudinal studies, harm reduction and randomized controlled trials. Research limitations/implications Limitations arose from differences in study designs of reviewed studies, making it more complex to assess all studies under the same rubric. Practical implications Results indicate significant potential for tobacco control interventions in the Global South, potentially moving toward FCTC goals, but also highlight several areas of concern. Originality/value There is much evidence on the effectiveness of tobacco control in the Global North, especially in some parts of Europe and the USA. However, the evidence base in the Global South is far more limited. This paper provides an overview of Global South tobacco control interventions and suggests areas of concern, in line with the FCTC 15 years on.

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Sex Differences in Authorship of Major Gastroenterology Society Guidelines and Technical Reviews

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Gender Representation Among Physician Authors of Practice Guidelines Developed, Endorsed, or Affirmed by the American Academy of Neurology

Gender Representation Among Physician Authors of Practice Guidelines Developed, Endorsed, or Affirmed by the American Academy of Neurology

The Under-representation of Canadian Women in Gastroenterology from Residency to Leadership

An overview of tobacco control interventions in the Global South

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