Sex differences in ability to recognize family resemblance

Nesse, Randolph M.; Silverman, Andrew; Bortz, Alan

doi:10.1016/0162-3095(90)90003-o

Cited by 51 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…They showed the need of "early" visual input to develop normal face recognitions later. Children resemble their parents (Nesse et al 1990;Bredart and French 1999;McLain et al 2000;Oda et al 2002;Bressan and Grassi 2004), sometimes even in odd ways: they seem first to resemble more their fathers (see also Daly and Wilson 1982;Regalski and Gaulin 1993). Facial child-parent resemblance mechanisms seem to exist even among chimpanzees (Parr and de Waal 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Self seeks like: many humans choose their dog pets following rules used for assortative mating

Payne

Jaffé

2004

J Ethol

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Theoretical and experimental studies suggest that mating and pair formation are not likely to be random. Assortative mating, characterized as "self seeking like", seems to be widely practiced in nature. Experimental evidence for it is strong among humans seeking a mate. Assortative mating increases the probability of finding a genetically similar mate, without fomenting inbreeding, achieving assortative mating without hindering the working of other mate-selection strategies that aim to maximize the search for "good genes", optimizing the working of sex in evolutionary terms. Self seeking like seems to be a behavioural inborn trait among humans, and here we present evidence that the same behavioural mechanism seems to be at work when humans choose a pet. We show that in a significant proportion of human-pet pairs, sampled in pet beauty contests, the partners show much higher facial resemblances than can be expected by random pair formation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Self seeks like: many humans choose their dog pets following rules used for assortative mating

Payne

Jaffé

2004

J Ethol

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“…(i) Social context Information about genetic kinship is available in the face and is perceived somewhat accurately [180][181][182][183][184].…”

Section: Adaptive Individual Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial attractiveness: evolutionary based research

Little

Jones

DeBruine

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

753

677

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Face preferences affect a diverse range of critical social outcomes, from mate choices and decisions about platonic relationships to hiring decisions and decisions about social exchange. Firstly, we review the facial characteristics that influence attractiveness judgements of faces (e.g. symmetry, sexually dimorphic shape cues, averageness, skin colour/texture and cues to personality) and then review several important sources of individual differences in face preferences (e.g. hormone levels and fertility, own attractiveness and personality, visual experience, familiarity and imprinting, social learning). The research relating to these issues highlights flexible, sophisticated systems that support and promote adaptive responses to faces that appear to function to maximize the benefits of both our mate choices and more general decisions about other types of social partners.

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“…Judges were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (1) original face; condition (2) upper and lower part of the face (random order); (3) inner and external part of the face with judges always seeing the external part of the face first and (4) mixed faces. For each judge, known confounding variables were recorded, such as age [16], sex [17] and birth order [18]. Data are available in the electronic supplementary material, S1.…”

Section: (B) Assessment Of Facial Similaritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of visual paternity cues in humans

Alvergne

Perreau²,

Mazur

et al. 2014

Biol. Lett.

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Understanding how individuals identify their relatives has implications for the evolution of social behaviour. Kinship cues might be based on familiarity, but in the face of paternity uncertainty and costly paternal investment, other mechanisms such as phenotypic matching may have evolved. In humans, paternal recognition of offspring and subsequent discriminative paternal investment have been linked to father-offspring facial phenotypic similarities. However, the extent to which paternity detection is impaired by environmentally induced facial information is unclear. We used 27 portraits of fathers and their adult sons to quantify the level of paternity detection according to experimental treatments that manipulate the location, type and quantity of visible facial information. We found that (i) the lower part of the face, that changes most with development, does not contain paternity cues, (ii) paternity can be detected even if relational information within the face is disrupted and (iii) the signal depends on the presence of specific information rather than their number. Taken together, the results support the view that environmental effects have little influence on the detection of paternity using facial similarities. This suggests that the cognitive dispositions enabling the facial detection of kinship relationships ignore genetic irrelevant facial information.

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Sex differences in ability to recognize family resemblance

Cited by 51 publications

References 20 publications

Self seeks like: many humans choose their dog pets following rules used for assortative mating

Self seeks like: many humans choose their dog pets following rules used for assortative mating

Facial attractiveness: evolutionary based research

Identification of visual paternity cues in humans

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