Sex differences among treatment-seeking adult pathologic gamblers

Granero, Roser; Penelo, Eva; Martínez-Giménez, Raquel; Álvarez-Moya, Eva M.; Gómez-Peña, Mònica; Aymamí, María Neus; Bueno, Blanca; Fernández‐Aranda, Fernando; Jiménez‐Murcia, Susana

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.07.005

Cited by 80 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…These results are partially consistent with previous studies (Blaszczynski et al, 1997;Echeburúa & Fernández-Montalvo, 2008;Fernández-Montalvo & Echeburúa, 2004;Kaare et al, 2009). In other studies the studied personality traits were not exactly the same (Granero et al, 2009). One interesting finding of our study is the lack of significant differences between the two groups in terms of mean sensationseeking scores.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…These measures, validated in Spanish samples, have been extensively used in research and clinical practice, and there is substantial evidence to support their psychometric properties in the field of PG (Dowling et al, 2007;Echeburúa & Fernández-Montalvo, 2008;Fernández-Montalvo & Echeburúa, 2004;Granero et al, 2009). …”

Section: Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathological Gamblers and a Non-Psychiatric Control Group Taking Gender Differences into Account

et al. 2013

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The current study aimed to identify personality traits, emotional states and adjustment variables in a sample of pathological gamblers as compared to a non-gambling control group taking gender differences into account. The sample for this study consisted of 206 subjects (103 pathological gamblers and 103 non-psychiatric subjects from the general population matched for age and gender). Pathological gamblers had a lower educational level and a family history of alcohol abuse higher than non-gamblers. In turn, female gamblers were affected by unemployment and a lower socioeconomic status more often than female non-gamblers. Pathological gamblers were more anxious and impulsive and suffered from a poorer self-esteem than non-gamblers. Likewise, pathological gamblers had a greater history of other Axis I psychiatric disorders and were more often affected by anxiety and depression symptoms and showed a more problematic adjustment to everyday life than non-gamblers. Alcohol abuse was not higher in pathological gamblers than in non-gamblers, but, when gender was taken into account, male gamblers were more affected by alcohol abuse than male non-gamblers. Importantly 68.6% of female gamblers versus 9.8% of control group women reported being victims of intimate partner violence. These findings can be used to specifically inform prevention and intervention efforts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological Gamblers and a Non-Psychiatric Control Group Taking Gender Differences into Account

et al. 2013

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“…In both CD and PG, negative affect contributes more to cocaine use and gambling in women compared with men (Grant and Kim, 2002;McKay et al, 1996). Furthermore, women with CD or PG are more likely to suffer from co-occurring depression and anxiety compared with men with these disorders (Granero et al, 2009;Greenfield et al, 2010;McCance-Katz et al, 1999). Finally, in CD, gender-differences have been reported in response to pharmacological treatments (Kosten et al, 1993;Pettinati et al, 2008) as well as in craving-related brain activations (Kilts et al, 2004;Li et al, 2005;Potenza et al, 2012), although the pattern of differences has been inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, women progress more rapidly from the initiation of cocaine use or gambling to CD or PG diagnoses (termed 'telescoping'; Granero et al, 2009;Grant and Kim, 2002;Greenfield et al, 2010;Potenza et al, 2001). Similarly, CD women as compared with men are more likely to consume cocaine via routes that may be more 'addictive,' like smoking (McCance-Katz et al, 1999), and women with PG differ from men in the types of gambling preferred and performed (eg, on electronic-gambling/slot machines; Grant and Kim, 2002;Potenza et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Activity During Cocaine Craving and Gambling Urges: An fMRI Study

Kober

Lacadie

Wexler

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

144

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Although craving states are important to both cocaine dependence (CD) and pathological gambling (PG), few studies have directly investigated neurobiological similarities and differences in craving between these disorders. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess brain activity in 103 participants (30 CD, 28 PG, and 45 controls) while they watched videos depicting cocaine, gambling, and sad scenarios to investigate the neural correlates of craving. We observed a three-way urge type × video type × diagnostic group interaction in self-reported craving, with CD participants reporting strong cocaine cravings to cocaine videos, and PG participants reporting strong gambling urges to gambling videos. Neuroimaging data revealed a diagnostic group × video interaction in anterior cingulate cortex/ventromedial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), activating predominantly to cocaine videos in CD participants, and a more dorsal mPFC region that was most strongly activated for cocaine videos in CD participants, gambling videos in PG participants, and sad videos in control participants. Gender × diagnosis × video interactions identified dorsal mPFC and a region in posterior insula/caudate in which female but not male PG participants showed increased responses to gambling videos. Findings illustrate both similarities and differences in the neural correlates of drug cravings and gambling urges in CD and PG. Future studies should investigate diagnostic-and gender-specific therapies targeting the neural systems implicated in craving/urge states in addictions.

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“…6 Although gambling has been traditionally associated with males, a recent increase in the incidence of GD amongst women has been recorded. 6,7 This increase is particularly worrisome because progression from recreational gambling to GD appears to occur more rapidly in female gamblers. 8 Available evidence suggests that women tend to engage in different types of gambling, have different motivations, endorse different comorbidities, and begin gambling at an older age relative to men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-cultural study of gambling disorder: a comparison between women from Brazil and the United States

Medeiros

Leppink

Redden

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To perform a cross-cultural comparison of gambling disorder (GD) in women from Brazil and the United States, two countries with pronounced social and cultural differences. We hoped to produce insight into the impact of cultural influences on the presentation of GD in women, which may be useful for the development of culturally-sensitive interventions. Method: We assessed 681 women with GD: 406 from a Brazilian sample and 275 from a U.S. sample. We assessed demographic and gambling behavior variables in addition to co-occurring psychiatric disorders. Results: Fewer Brazilian participants were Caucasian (73.3 vs. 91.3%; p = 0.022). Also, Brazilian women had lower levels of education (59.9% with high school or less vs. 44.4%; p o 0.001), and were more likely to have a current partner (54.9 vs. 43.4%; p = 0.003). Brazilian gamblers also reported lower urge scores (6.664.3 vs. 11.662.4; p o 0.001) and higher chasing rates (89.1 vs. 80.0%; p = 0.002). Brazilian gamblers reported higher rates of bingo gambling (19.2 vs. 5.7%; p o 0.001), but lower rates of card game gambling (5.8 vs. 23.1%; p o 0.001). Finally, Brazilian gamblers were more likely to endorse a history of major depressive disorder (36.9 vs. 24.4%; p = 0.001).Conclusions: This study reinforces the need for further general cross-cultural research on GD and particularly for studies investigating how gender mediates these differences. Finally, the differences noted in this analysis suggest that the findings of predominantly Anglo-Saxon cultures may not be generalizable to other world populations.

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Sex differences among treatment-seeking adult pathologic gamblers

Cited by 80 publications

References 68 publications

Pathological Gamblers and a Non-Psychiatric Control Group Taking Gender Differences into Account

Pathological Gamblers and a Non-Psychiatric Control Group Taking Gender Differences into Account

Brain Activity During Cocaine Craving and Gambling Urges: An fMRI Study

A cross-cultural study of gambling disorder: a comparison between women from Brazil and the United States

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