Sex difference in recombination frequency in Arabidopsis

Vizir, Igor; Korol, Abraham B.

doi:10.1038/hdy.1990.107

Cited by 50 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…In previous studies (Vizir and Korol 1990;Giraut et al 2011), it was observed that the M/F overall recombination ratio in A. thaliana is 1.93. Could the extra genetic length of the male genetic maps be due to just an increase in COs from P2, keeping P1 unchanged both for the number of COs and their level of interference?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot Regions of Noninterfering Crossovers Coexist with a Nonuniformly Interfering Pathway inArabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2013

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In most organisms that have been studied, crossovers formed during meiosis exhibit interference: nearby crossovers are rare. Here we provide an in-depth study of crossover interference in Arabidopsis thaliana, examining crossovers genome-wide in .1500 backcrosses for both male and female meiosis. This unique data set allows us to take a two-pathway modeling approach based on superposing a fraction p of noninterfering crossovers and a fraction (1 2 p) of interfering crossovers generated using the gamma model characterized by its interference strength nu. Within this framework, we fit the two-pathway model to the data and compare crossover interference strength between chromosomes and then along chromosomes. We find that the interfering pathway has markedly higher interference strength nu in female than in male meiosis and also that male meiosis has a higher proportion p of noninterfering crossovers. Furthermore, we test for possible intrachromosomal variations of nu and p. Our conclusion is that there are clear differences between left and right arms as well as between central and peripheral regions. Finally, statistical tests unveil a genome-wide picture of small-scale heterogeneities, pointing to the existence of hot regions in the genome where crossovers form preferentially without interference. SEXUALLY reproducing organisms undergo meiosis, thereby producing gametes having a level of ploidy equal to half that of the parental cells. This reduction in ploidy emerges from a complex and tightly controlled sequence of events. In most organisms, prophase I of meiosis begins by the active formation of double-strand breaks (DSBs) mediated by Spo11, a topoisomerase-like transesterase (Keeney et al. 1997). Then homologous chromosomes align and pair as the DSBs are repaired, typically using a homolog as template. Such DSB repairs can lead to either a crossover (CO), a reciprocal exchange of large chromosomal fragments between homologs), or to a noncrossover (NCO), a nonreciprocal exchange of small chromosomal segments between homologs, detected through associated gene conversions (Bishop and Zickler 2004)). COs mediate intrachromosomal rearrangement of parental alleles, giving rise to novel haplotypes in the gametes and thus driving genetic diversity. They also provide a physical connection between the homologs, holding them in a stable pair (bivalent) and allowing their correct segregation during anaphase I (Page and Hawley 2004;Jones and Franklin 2006). Studies in several plants and animals have shown that the average number of COs in meiosis may vary between male and female meiosis (see review by Lenormand and Dutheil 2005), but there is no general rule that governs the direction or degree of CO number variation. Similarly, the distribution of COs along chromosomes can also differ when comparing male and female meiosis (Drouaud et al. 2007). Such distributions are generally nonuniform: some portions of the physical chromosome seem more likely to recombine while others hardly ever do (e.g., close to the cent...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot Regions of Noninterfering Crossovers Coexist with a Nonuniformly Interfering Pathway inArabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2013

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“…Assume that recombination reduces gamete fitness, through a reduction of viability (or competitive ability) of crossover combinations, by breaking down coadapted gene complexes (Vizir & Korol, 1990). We propose that reducing recombination frequency in microspore formation could increase fitness in angiosperms whereas reducing recombination frequency in megaspore formation could increase fitness in gymnosperms.…”

Section: Segregation Of Rapd Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombination rate differences for pollen parents and seed parents in Pinus pinaster

Plomion

O’Malley

1996

Heredity

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Significantly less recombination was observed for the female gametes than for the male gametes in one individual of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.). Two segregating mapping samples of the same hybrid tree were used for genomic mapping. One sample consisted of diploid tissues from 192 F2 seedlings. The other sample consisted of megagametophytes (haploid maternally derived nutritive tissue) extracted from 156 germinated F2 seedlings. A total of 94 RAPD markers covering 65 per cent of the genome was used for constructing the maps with both samples. Comparison for the total length of the two maps shows that meiotic recombination differs between the haploid and the diploid mapping samples. Map distances in the diploid mapping sample were on average 14 per cent larger than in the megagametophyte sample, corresponding to a 28 per cent greater rate of recombination in the pollen parent.Departure from homogeneity of recombination rate was also tested by marker interval using a likelihood-based method. Inference for greater meiotic recombination during male gametogenesis was verified analytically. A genome-wide reduction in the female gamete's recombination rate in gymnosperms presents interesting evolutionary implications, as this is exactly the opposite trend to that in the angiosperms studied so far. Direct consequences for pine tree breeding are also discussed.

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“…The work of Giraut et al (2011) and others (Vizir and Korol, 1990;Copenhaver et al, 1998;Melamed-Bessudo and Levy, 2012) showed a lack of uniformity and distinct CO landscapes in the male versus female lineage. Recently, CO events were mapped through whole-genome sequencing of F2 plants (Yang et al, 2012), meiotic tetrads (Lu et al, 2012a), and dihaploids (Wijnker et al, 2013) or through sequencing of ecotypes and linkage disequilibrium analysis (Choi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Crossover Motifs Associated with Epigenetic Modifications Delineate Open Chromatin Regions in Arabidopsis

et al. 2015

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The rate of crossover, the reciprocal exchanges of homologous chromosomal segments, is not uniform along chromosomes differing between male and female meiocytes. To better understand the factors regulating this variable landscape, we performed a detailed genetic and epigenetic analysis of 737 crossover events in Arabidopsis thaliana. Crossovers were more frequent than expected in promoters. Three DNA motifs enriched in crossover regions and less abundant in crossover-poor pericentric regions were identified. One of these motifs, the CCN repeat, was previously unknown in plants. The A-rich motif was preferentially associated with promoters, while the CCN repeat and the CTT repeat motifs were preferentially associated with genes. Analysis of epigenetic modifications around the motifs showed, in most cases, a specific epigenetic architecture. For example, we show that there is a peak of nucleosome occupancy and of H3K4me3 around the CCN and CTT repeat motifs while nucleosome occupancy was lowest around the A-rich motif. Cytosine methylation levels showed a gradual decrease within ;2 kb of the three motifs, being lowest at sites where crossover occurred. This landscape was conserved in the decreased DNA methylation1 mutant. In summary, the crossover motifs are associated with epigenetic landscapes corresponding to open chromatin and contributing to the nonuniformity of crossovers in Arabidopsis.

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Sex difference in recombination frequency in Arabidopsis

Cited by 50 publications

References 13 publications

Hot Regions of Noninterfering Crossovers Coexist with a Nonuniformly Interfering Pathway inArabidopsis thaliana

Hot Regions of Noninterfering Crossovers Coexist with a Nonuniformly Interfering Pathway inArabidopsis thaliana

Recombination rate differences for pollen parents and seed parents in Pinus pinaster

DNA Crossover Motifs Associated with Epigenetic Modifications Delineate Open Chromatin Regions in Arabidopsis

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