Sex determination in forensic identification, a review

Nagare, Sagar P; Chaudhari, Rohan; Birangane, Rajendra S; Parkarwar, Pratik

doi:10.4103/jfo.jfds_55_17

Cited by 51 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…The identification of a human using skeletal remnants and or dismembered body parts is one of the most important tasks to be achieved by the forensic scientists especially when information vis-à-vis the deceased is unavailable. Sex determination becomes the first priority in the process of identification of a person by a forensic investigator in the case of mishaps, chemical and nuclear bomb explosions, natural disasters, crime investigations, and ethnic studies [15]. Consequently, this study was carried out to ascertain if hand, finger, foot dimensions and their indices can be used to determine sexual dimorphism using some undergraduate students from Faculty of Science, University of Lagos Nigeria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Prediction Using Finger, Hand and Foot Measurements for Forensic Identification in a Nigerian Population

Iroanya

Egwuatu

Talabi

et al. 2020

Sakarya University Journal of Science

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In forensics, the identification of recovered human remains is important and of great significance. Sex determination is the most important primary parameter in human identification. We investigated the predictive role of the anthropometric measurements of hand, finger and foot dimensions in sex determination. The main objective was to correlate sexual dimorphism with hand, finger and foot dimensions and determine their sectioning point(s) and also ascertain the variables which can better predict sex. A cross sectional study was carried out using 200 students from Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Nigeria aged 16-30years. The collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. The average hand length, breadth and index were found to be 17.44mm, 8.09mm and 0.3781mm greater in male compared to the female subjects respectively, with no significant (p<0.05) difference between the right and left hand in the same sex. The resultant hand index suggests the females have higher dolichocheir morphology compared to males and no hyperbrachycheir morphology. The cutoff point index for the right (≤43.41mm) and left (≤42.90mm) hand is suggestive of female, but is suggestive of male if the right hand is >43.41mm and left hand is >42.90mm. A foot index section points for the right (347.9mm) and left (349.4mm) foot was taken for male and female foot identification. A cut of point of 348.7mm was obtained to define sexual dimorphism of the foot index. There was strong correlation between foot dimensions of both feet for the same sex (p<0.01) while the foot dimensions of the male and the female were significantly (p<0.05) different. The hand (length and breadth), index/ring fingers ratio, foot (length and breadth) and ankle breadth are therefore important indices and forensic identification tool for predicting sexual dimorphism and identifying human remains for medicolegal examinations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Prediction Using Finger, Hand and Foot Measurements for Forensic Identification in a Nigerian Population

Iroanya

Egwuatu

Talabi

et al. 2020

Sakarya University Journal of Science

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“…Consequently, absolute tooth size and proportions tend to be greater in males. 18 Canines are considered the key teeth for sex estimation, showing the highest sexual dimorphism, followed by premolars, first and second molars, and maxillary incisors. 4,19 Mandibular canines are the preferred teeth of many researchers aiming to develop sex estimation methods based on tooth dimensions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buccolingual root dimension of permanent mandibular canines as a complementary estimator of sex: a pilot study

Koninck¹,

Azevedo²,

Cardoso³

et al. 2021

j.rpemd

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Objective: To evaluate the potential of the buccolingual dimension of the permanent mandibular canine roots as a sex estimator, using midsagittal cone-beam computed tomography images. Methods: In this retrospective study, 58 Portuguese patients (27 female and 31 male) aged 18-60 years were assessed. The maximum buccolingual dimension of the cervical root was measured in the midsagittal plane through cone-beam computed tomography images. The Bland-Altman method was applied for the reliability analysis, and a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was obtained for accuracy analysis. Results: The buccolingual root dimension on the mandibular canine showed statistically significant differences between sexes (t56 df = 4.871; p<0.0005). The optimal cut-off to differentiate males from females was 6.64 mm. The area under the curve (AUC) was 83.5% (p<0.0005). An overall accuracy of 79% was obtained. The percentage of males correctly estimated was 77.4%, compared to 81.5% of females. Conclusions: Our data suggest that canines’ buccolingual root dimension can serve as a complementary tool for sex estimation in a forensic context.

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“…Skulls with OC fractures and cranial base breaks were excluded. Skulls of undetermined age and sex were obtained, general size and architecture, supraorbital ridges, mastoid process, and external occipital protuberance were used for sex determination of skulls [ 23 , 24 ]. The sex determination was done by two investigators separately.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological analysis and morphometry of the occipital condyle and its relationship to the foramen magnum, jugular foramen, and hypoglossal canal: implications for craniovertebral junction surgery

Thintharua

Chentanez

2023

Anat Cell Biol

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Anatomical knowledge of the occipital condyle (OC) and its relationships to surrounding structures is important for avoiding injury during craniovertebral junction (CVJ) surgeries. This study was conducted to evaluate the morphology and morphometry of OC and its relationship to foramen magnum, jugular foramen (JF), and hypoglossal canal (HC). Morphometric parameters including length, width, height, and distances from the OC to surrounding structures were measured. The oval-like condyle was the most common OC shape, representing for 33.0% of all samples. The mean length, width and height of OC were 21.3±2.4, 10.5±1.4, and 7.4±1.1 mm, respectively. Moreover, OC was classified into three types based on its length. The most common OC length in both sexes was moderate length or type II (62.5%). The mean distance between anterior tips and posterior tips of OC to basion, and opisthion were 11.5±1.4, 39.1±3.3, 25.2±2.2, and 27.4±2.7 mm, respectively. The location of intracranial orifice of HC was commonly found related to middle 1/3 of OC in 45.0%. JF was related to the anterior 2/3 of OC in 81.0%, the anterior 1/3 of OC in 12.5%, and the entire OC length in 6.5%. These morphological analysis and morphometric data should be taken into consideration before performing surgical operation to avoid CVJ instability and neurovascular structure injury.

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Sex determination in forensic identification, a review

Cited by 51 publications

References 22 publications

Sex Prediction Using Finger, Hand and Foot Measurements for Forensic Identification in a Nigerian Population

Sex Prediction Using Finger, Hand and Foot Measurements for Forensic Identification in a Nigerian Population

Buccolingual root dimension of permanent mandibular canines as a complementary estimator of sex: a pilot study

Morphological analysis and morphometry of the occipital condyle and its relationship to the foramen magnum, jugular foramen, and hypoglossal canal: implications for craniovertebral junction surgery

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