Sex dependent effects of physical activity on diet preference in rats selectively bred for high or low levels of voluntary wheel running

Lee, Jenna R.; Tapia, Melissa A.; Nelson, Jane R.; Moore, Justin M.; Gereau, Graydon B.; Childs, Tom E.; Vieira‐Potter, Victoria J.; Booth, Frank W.; Will, Melissa L.

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.018

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This result is consistent with our previous finding that individual differences in HF diet preference are not driven by differences in WR activity in rats of either sex (91). Another recent study also found no relationship between running distance and dietary intake in selectively bred, high-and low-running rats given concurrent access to a high-corn starch, a high-sucrose, and a HF diet despite higher fat consumption in high-running rats (43). Moreover, mice bred for high levels of running activity prefer a HF high-sugar diet over chow during a week-long forced food choice trial following a period of wheel running (2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Role of glucocorticoid signaling in exercise-associated changes in high-fat diet preference in rats

Yang

Gardner

Gao

et al. 2020

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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The simultaneous introduction of wheel running (WR) and diet choice (high-carbohydrate chow vs. high-fat diet) results in sex-specific diet choice patterns in rats. WR induces a high-fat (HF) diet avoidance, and such avoidance persists in the majority of males, but not females, throughout a 2-wk period. Exercise is a physiological stressor that activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and stimulates glucocorticoid (GC) release, which can alter dietary preferences. Here, we examined the role of the HPA axis and GC signaling in mediating exercise-induced changes in diet preference and the associated neurobiological adaptations that may underlie sex differences in diet choice patterns. Experiment 1 revealed that adrenalectomy did not significantly alter the initiation and persistence of running-induced HF diet avoidance in male rats. Experiment 2 showed that acute WR resulted in greater neural activation than chronic WR in the medial prefrontal (mPFC) and insular cortices (IC) in male rats. Experiment 3 revealed sex differences in the molecular adaptation to exercise and diet preference. First, exercise increased gene expression of fkbp5 in the mPFC, IC, and hippocampus of WR females but had limited influence in males. Second, male and female WR rats that reversed or maintained HF diet avoidance showed distinct sex- and HF diet preference-dependent expression profiles of genes involved in cortical GC signaling (e.g., nr3c1, nr3c2, and src1). Taken together, our results suggest sex differences in region-specific neural adaptations may underlie sex differences in diet preference and the health benefits from exercise.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Role of glucocorticoid signaling in exercise-associated changes in high-fat diet preference in rats

Yang

Gardner

Gao

et al. 2020

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Obesity results from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, and numerous studies have revealed the critical roles of energy imbalance , as well as neural dysregulation in determining obesity formation. , Moreover, recent advances in gut microbiota have highlighted that gut dysbiosis is the common basis for various diseases such as obesity and obese-related metabolic diseases. , Our previous investigation shows that OP and OR rats have significantly different metabolism under HFD feeding, in which some gut microbial-related metabolites are detected . In this study, we demonstrated that OP mice had very different metabolic profiles compared with those of either Con or OR mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Obesity results from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, 38 and numerous studies have revealed the critical roles of energy imbalance 9,39 as well as neural dysregulation in determining obesity formation. 15,40 Moreover, recent advances in gut microbiota have highlighted that gut dysbiosis is the common basis for various diseases such as obesity and obese-related metabolic diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic and Gut Microbial Characterization of Obesity-Prone Mice under a High-Fat Diet

Liu

Zheng

et al. 2019

J. Proteome Res.

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Obesity is characterized with high heterogeneity due to genetic abnormality, energy imbalance, gut dysbiosis, or a combination of all three. Obesity-prone (OP) and -resistant (OR) phenotypes are frequently observed in rodents, even in those given a high-fat diet (HFD). However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with chow or a HFD for 8 weeks. OP and OR mice were defined based on body weight gain, and integrated serum metabolic and gut microbial profiling was performed by the gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy-based metabolomic sequencing and pyrosequencing of 16S rDNA of cecum contents. A total of 60 differential metabolites were identified in comparisons among Con, OP, and OR groups, in which 27 were OP-related. These differential metabolites are mainly involved in glycolysis, lipids, and amino acids metabolism and the TCA cycle. Meanwhile, OP mice had a distinct profile in gut microbiota compared to those of OR or Con mice, which showed a reduced ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and increased Proteobacteria. Moreover, the gut microbial alteration of OP mice was correlated with the changes of the key serum metabolites. OP-enriched Parasutterella from the Proteobacteria phylum correlated to most of metabolites, suggesting that it was essential in obesity. OP mice are distinct in metabolic and gut microbial profiles, and OP-related metabolites and bacteria are of significance for understanding obesity development.

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“…Respecto a las diferencias halladas en el sexo, en un ensayo experimental en la marcha de la rueda con roedores tanto de género masculino como femenino, se reflejó una reducción de la ingesta a una dieta rica en grasas debido a la AF, mostrando que los patrones de elección de la dieta dependían de la novedad de la dieta, el ejercicio físico, el sexo 27 , el nivel de maduración somático, esquelético o madurez sexual 28 ya que la intensidad y la duración del trabajo físico puede tener una influencia en la maduración y consecuentemente asociada con el retraso de la pubertad y los bajos niveles de gonadotropina 17 . Algunos estudios han reflejado que los efectos de una mayor producción de las hormonas ováricas (estrógenos y progesterona) desempeñan un papel en los cambios específicos inducidos por las mujeres en los patrones de elección de la dieta, a diferencia de los hombres quienes los efectos de los andrógenos no modificaron su patrón alimenticio 29 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Niveles de actividad física y calidad de la dieta en escolares de Educación Primaria

Perujo

López²

2020

RICCAFD

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Las primeras etapas de la vida son transcendentales en la adquisición de un estilo de vida saludable. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la relación entre el nivel de actividad física y la calidad de la dieta en escolares de Educación Primaria considerando, y sin considerar el género en 200 escolares (55% mujeres), de entre 8 y 12 años, pertenecientes a la Región de Murcia. Se administró el test Kidmed de Adherencia a la DM y el cuestionario de actividad física IPAQ-C. El análisis estadístico efectuado mostró que había diferencias significativas en la CD alta (p = 0,046) y la MCD (p = 0,010) en el nivel de AF alto a favor de las mujeres. La mayoría de los participantes manifestaron una alta CD (48.5%) y una AF media (68%). Respecto al consumo de cada alimento según el nivel de AF considerando el total de la muestra, el test de la χ2 de Pearson mostró que aquellos escolares con mayor nivel de AF tienen un mayor promedio de pescado (p = 0,003), de pasta o arroz (p = 0,001) y CD alta (p = 0,017). Por su parte, en las mujeres con mayor nivel de AF consumen en mayor promedio pescado (p = 0,026), legumbres (p = 0,008) y una adherencia a la CD alta (p = 0,004). Respecto a los varones con mayor practica de AF se observan diferencias significativas en el consumo de una segunda pieza de fruta (p = 0,020), en el consumo regular de pescado (p = 0,012), en la pasta o arroz (p = 0,038) y en el seguimiento a la alta CD (p = 0,002). Por su parte, la prueba ANOVA mostró que los escolares con un nivel alto de AF presentaron una mejor puntuación en la CD que sus pares homólogos con un nivel bajo (p = 0,001) y medio (p = 0,012). A su vez, los escolares con un nivel medio de AF presentaron un mayor nivel de CD que sus semejantes con un nivel bajo de AF (p = 0,001). En conclusión, la calidad de la dieta es mayor en los escolares de Educación Primaria que poseen un nivel más elevado de actividad física practicada, tanto en mujeres como en varones.

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Sex dependent effects of physical activity on diet preference in rats selectively bred for high or low levels of voluntary wheel running

Cited by 14 publications

References 50 publications

Role of glucocorticoid signaling in exercise-associated changes in high-fat diet preference in rats

Role of glucocorticoid signaling in exercise-associated changes in high-fat diet preference in rats

Metabolic and Gut Microbial Characterization of Obesity-Prone Mice under a High-Fat Diet

Niveles de actividad física y calidad de la dieta en escolares de Educación Primaria

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