Sex Cord-Stromal, Steroid Cell, and Other Ovarian Tumors with Endocrine, Paraendocrine, and Paraneoplastic Manifestations

Young, Robert H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0489-8_15

Cited by 27 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…Very rarely, fibromas without any atypical features are associated with peritoneal implants. 10 Fibromas are usually solid, spherical, slightly lobulated, encapsulated, gray-white masses covered by a glistening, intact ovarian serosa. 11 Fibromas should be both grossly and microscopically differentiated from thecoma and Brenner and Krukenberg tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of Ovarian Fibroma in a Teenage Girl

Singh¹

2017

Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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Introduction:The ovarian fibroma is a rare benign tumor that accounts for 4% of all ovarian tumors, which grow from the connective tissue of the ovarian cortex. Among the sex cord-stromal tumors, fibromas are the most commonly encountered subtype, accounting for almost two-third of neoplasms in this group. The mean age of presentation is 48 years. Aims and objectives:We present an unusual case of fibroma of the ovary presenting at 19 years of age with ascites. Diagnosis in our case was also difficult despite all tumor marker tests and clinical imaging being done, and finally it was confirmed by histopathology report.Discussion: Fibromas and thecomas belong to a spectrum of benign ovarian tumors that are derived from ovarian stroma. Fibromas are the most common sex cord tumors and account for approximately 3 to 4% of all ovarian neoplasms. Ovarian fibromas are benign tumors of the ovary, difficult to diagnose preoperatively and can clinically and biochemically mimic ovarian cysts, tubo-ovarian mass, uterine myoma, or ovarian malignancy. Conclusion:Fibroma must be distinguished from several nonneoplastic ovarian processes, specifically massive edema, fibromatosis, and stromal hyperplasia. Imaging is helpful to diagnose, but histopathology can only confirm the diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of Ovarian Fibroma in a Teenage Girl

Singh¹

2017

Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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“…Several histologically similar tumors need to be distinguished from GCTs (eg, undifferentiated carcinoma, small-cell or neuroendocrine carcinoma, endometrial stromal sarcoma, carcinoid, malignant melanoma, intraabdominal desmoplastic small-cell tumor) [7]. The use of a panel of immunoantibodies to SMA, melan-A, inhibin-alpha, PgR, desmin, CD10, cytokeratin, EMA, synaptophysin, and chromogranin-A helps to confirm the diagnosis [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Retroperitoneal Extraovarian Granulosa Cell Tumor: A Case Report

Neeli¹,

Malur²

2010

UIJ

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Abbreviations and AcronymsEMA = epithelial membrane antigen GCT = granulosa cell tumor PgR = progesterone receptors SMA = smooth muscle actin ABSTRACT A primary extragonadal granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is very rare. It is believed to arise from the ectopic gonadal tissue along the embryonal route of the genital ridge. We encountered one such tumor in a 45-year-old female who presented with a large intraabdominal mass. She had an abdominal hysterectomy with unilateral salpingooophorectomy 10 years previously for dysfunctional uterine bleeding. She underwent exploratory laparotomy and excision of the mass. The histologic features failed to differentiate between a carcinoid and granulosa celltumor. Immunohistochemistry showed that the neoplastic cells expressed calretinin, smooth muscle actin, melan-A, inhibin-alpha, and progesterone receptors and were negative for desmin, CD10, cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, synaptophysin, or chromogranin-A. An English literature search revealed only 4 similar cases, primarily arising from the retroperitoneum. Immunohistochemistry helps to differentiate GCTs from other tumors.

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“…2 In general, GCTs are potentially curable, with only a low percentage of treatment failures. 2,3 The main feature of these tumors is their ability to synthesize sex steroid hormones, estrogens in particular. [1][2][3] Approximately 66% of women affected by GCTs develop abnormal and recurrent uterine bleeding as the first clinical symptom of disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 The main feature of these tumors is their ability to synthesize sex steroid hormones, estrogens in particular. [1][2][3] Approximately 66% of women affected by GCTs develop abnormal and recurrent uterine bleeding as the first clinical symptom of disease. 3,4 Moreover, abdominal swelling or even palpable structures may be incidentally detected during gynecologic examination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Approximately 66% of women affected by GCTs develop abnormal and recurrent uterine bleeding as the first clinical symptom of disease. 3,4 Moreover, abdominal swelling or even palpable structures may be incidentally detected during gynecologic examination. As a result of hyperestrogenism, there is a high percentage of co-occurrence of endometrial hyperplasia with cellular atypia (ranging from 24% to 80%), and approximately 5% of highlydifferentiated endometrial neoplasms are subsequently diagnosed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumor concomitant with simple endometrial hyperplasia: a case study with selected immunohistochemistry

Szewczuk

Czajkowski

et al. 2019

J Int Med Res

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Ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumors are often associated with endometrial hyperplasia or even uterine cancer. Herein, we present a case report of a 65-year-old female patient who had undergone curettage of the uterine cavity several times due to abnormal and irregular uterine bleeding. Owing to recurrent episodes of vaginal bleeding as well as ineffective pharmacological treatment of simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, the patient underwent a laparoscopically-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. Owing to an enlarged right ovary with bluish color, intra-operative pathological examination was immediately performed. Surprisingly, an ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumor was diagnosed, and the surgery was extended to pelvic lymphadenectomy and omentectomy. Immunohistochemical staining with selected antibodies (Arginase 2, Nidogen 2, BAF250a/ARID1A, GPR30, SF-1/NR5A, and 1LRH-2E1/NR5A2) was also performed. In conclusion, in cases of recurrent vaginal bleeding concomitant with endometrial hyperplasia, the existence of rare ovarian tumors connected with extensive estrogenic stimulation must be taken into account. Immunostaining with selected antibodies (Arginase 2, Nidogen 2, ARID1A, or GPR30) may help elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms associated with the BAF250a/development of various ovarian/endometrial abnormalities.

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Sex Cord-Stromal, Steroid Cell, and Other Ovarian Tumors with Endocrine, Paraendocrine, and Paraneoplastic Manifestations

Cited by 27 publications

References 177 publications

A Rare Case of Ovarian Fibroma in a Teenage Girl

A Rare Case of Ovarian Fibroma in a Teenage Girl

Primary Retroperitoneal Extraovarian Granulosa Cell Tumor: A Case Report

Ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumor concomitant with simple endometrial hyperplasia: a case study with selected immunohistochemistry

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