Sex Biases in Avian Dispersal: A Reappraisal

Clarke, Alice L.; Sæther, Bernt‐Erik; Røskaft, Eivin

doi:10.2307/3546885

Cited by 485 publications

(492 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Black-throated tits may have a dispersal pattern opposite to the avian norm (Greenwood, 1980;Clarke et al, 1997), whereby males are the dispersing sex and females are more territorial. According to the breeding system hypothesis (Greenwood, 1980), cooperatively breeding birds with biparental care, a socially monogamous and a resource defense mating system should have female-biased dispersal pattern.…”

Section: Male-mediated Gene Flow Has Resulted In Cytonuclear Discordancementioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus phylogeography (mitochondrial, autosomal and Z-chromosomal loci) and genetic consequence of long-distance male dispersal in Black-throated tits (Aegithalos concinnus)

2013

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Multilocus data from the different genomes are essential to understand the phylogeographic history of species, particularly when a species has the male-biased dispersal pattern. Although Black-throated tits (Aegithalos concinnus) are socially monogamous and cooperatively breeding birds, limited observational data suggested that males may have the ability of long-distance dispersal. We have previously detected three highly supported mitochondrial populations within two subspecies of Black-throated tits (A. c. concinnus and A. c. talifuensis). Here, we used several genetic markers with different inheritance patterns to gain insights about their phylogeographic history. Phylogenetic and individual-based Bayesian analysis showed weak geographical structure amongst nuclear sequences (autosomal and Z-chromosomal loci). Coalescent analysis revealed high levels of gene flow among mitochondrial populations, even between allopatric populations. These results strongly suggested that male-biased gene flow was responsible for the discordant cytonuclear phylogeographic patterns. Consistent with expectation on the genetic consequence of long-distance male dispersal, mantel tests revealed a significant pattern of isolation by distance for mitochondrial sequences, but failed to provide a similar pattern for nuclear genes within a continuous population; female Black-throated tits showed a stronger but not significantly different relationship of isolation by distance than males when using mitochondrial DNA alone. We discussed the contribution of male juveniles with delayed dispersal to the nonsignificantly different IBD patterns between sexes. Our results using multilocus genetic data revealed aspects of the complex evolutionary history of Black-throated tits and the important role of long-distance male dispersal in the population structuring.

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Section: Male-mediated Gene Flow Has Resulted In Cytonuclear Discordancementioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus phylogeography (mitochondrial, autosomal and Z-chromosomal loci) and genetic consequence of long-distance male dispersal in Black-throated tits (Aegithalos concinnus)

2013

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“…Sexual selection has been repeatedly assumed to be a major driver of sex‐biased dispersal (Clarke et al., 1997; Greenwood, 1980; Mabry et al., 2013; Trochet et al., 2016), although phylogenetic analyses performed so far generally failed to support this expectation (but see Trochet et al., 2016). We did not find any support for this expectation that sex‐biased dispersal is related to sexual selection, although we used several different metrics including mating system, frequency of extra‐pair paternity, relative testis size, sexual size dimorphism, and plumage dimorphism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some comparative studies of avian dispersal have been previously performed, they were either qualitative (Clarke et al., 1997; Greenwood, 1980) or did not distinguish between natal and breeding dispersal (Mabry et al., 2013; Trochet et al., 2016). We aim to fill this knowledge gap by specifically testing whether the magnitude and the direction of sex‐biased natal and breeding dispersal in birds are positively associated with the intensity of sexual selection (using several metrics including social mating system, frequency of extra‐pair paternity (EPP), SSD, and plumage coloration) and with the amount of sex differences in parental care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex‐biased breeding dispersal is predicted by social environment in birds

Végvári

Katona

Vági

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Sex‐biased dispersal is common in vertebrates, although the ecological and evolutionary causes of sex differences in dispersal are debated. Here, we investigate sex differences in both natal and breeding dispersal distances using a large dataset on birds including 86 species from 41 families. Using phylogenetic comparative analyses, we investigate whether sex‐biased natal and breeding dispersal are associated with sexual selection, parental sex roles, adult sex ratio (ASR), or adult mortality. We show that neither the intensity of sexual selection, nor the extent of sex bias in parental care was associated with sex‐biased natal or breeding dispersal. However, breeding dispersal was related to the social environment since male‐biased ASRs were associated with female‐biased breeding dispersal. Male‐biased ASRs were associated with female‐biased breeding dispersal. Sex bias in adult mortality was not consistently related to sex‐biased breeding dispersal. These results may indicate that the rare sex has a stronger tendency to disperse in order to find new mating opportunities. Alternatively, higher mortality of the more dispersive sex could account for biased ASRs, although our results do not give a strong support to this explanation. Whichever is the case, our findings improve our understanding of the causes and consequences of sex‐biased dispersal. Since the direction of causality is not yet known, we call for future studies to identify the causal relationships linking mortality, dispersal, and ASR.

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“…1 for three examples from vertebrates). Natal dispersal distances are generally male biased (i.e., males travel farther) in mammals (Greenwood 1980;Dobson 1982) and female biased in birds (Clarke et al 1997;Dale 2001). Our review of the dispersal literature for insects and birds, taxonomic groups that include many important invaders, indicated that both male-and female-biased dispersal are common ( fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-Biased Dispersal and the Speed of Two-Sex Invasions

Miller

Shaw

Inouye

et al. 2011

The American Naturalist

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Population models that combine demography and dispersal are important tools for forecasting the spatial spread of biological invasions. Current models describe the dynamics of only one sex (typically females). Such models cannot account for the sexrelated biases in dispersal and mating behavior that are typical of many animal species. In this article, we construct a two-sex integrodifference equation model that overcomes these limitations. We derive an explicit formula for the invasion speed from the model and use it to show that sex-biased dispersal may significantly increase or decrease the invasion speed by skewing the operational sex ratio at the invasion's low-density leading edge. Which of these possible outcomes occurs depends sensitively on complex interactions among the direction of dispersal bias, the magnitude of bias, and the relative contributions of females and males to local population growth.

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Sex Biases in Avian Dispersal: A Reappraisal

Cited by 485 publications

References 118 publications

Multilocus phylogeography (mitochondrial, autosomal and Z-chromosomal loci) and genetic consequence of long-distance male dispersal in Black-throated tits (Aegithalos concinnus)

Multilocus phylogeography (mitochondrial, autosomal and Z-chromosomal loci) and genetic consequence of long-distance male dispersal in Black-throated tits (Aegithalos concinnus)

Sex‐biased breeding dispersal is predicted by social environment in birds

Sex-Biased Dispersal and the Speed of Two-Sex Invasions

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