SEX ATTRACTANTS FOR SOME EASTERN SPECIES OF RHYACIONIA, INCLUDING A NEW SPECIES, AND EUCOSMA GLORIOLA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Abstract

Field-screening tests using dodecenyl and dodecadienyl acetates and alcohols were conducted in pine plantations in northern Ontario to find attractants for Rhyacionia and Eucosma moths. Rhyacionia adana was attracted by various ratios of (E)-9-dodecenyl acetate and (E)-9-dodecen-1-ol (99:1 to 70:30) but no clear preference was observed. Similarly, R. busckana was also attracted to the same ratios of these compounds. Rhyacionia granti Miller, a new species revealed by these tests, was attracted to (E,E)-8.10-dodecadienyl acetate. Rhyacionia granti and R. busckana are newly recognized sibling species distinguished in this study by differences in their respective attractants, EAG responses, and phenologies. The fourth species studied. E. gloriola, was optimally attracted by 9:1 and 8:2 ratios of (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetate and (E)-9-dodecenyl acetate. Flight data for the 4 species in the same plantation revealed overlapping flight periods. Rhyacionia granti was the earliest flier, followed closely by R. adana and R. busckana, and somewhat later by E. gloriola.

SEASONAL AND DIURNAL FLIGHT ACTIVITY OF MALE EUCOSMA GLORIOLA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

“…The moth flight of E. sonomana ended when pollination of ponderosa pine began, whereas pollination of jack pine was completed about the same time as the flight of E. gloriola. Differences in seasonal flight of E. gloriola between this study and others (Drooz 1960;Grant et al 1985) underline the importance of matching host species and phenology with the location (i.e., latitude and altitude) of the insect infestation.…”

“…la). This is considerably later than the initial and peak catches reported in a red pine plantation located at Iron Bridge, Ontario, about 1°10' latitude south of our site (Grant et al 1985). The greatest frequency of catches occurred about 1 h before and after sunset (2130 hours EDT) (Fig.…”

“…Males are attracted to mixtures of Z9-12:Ac and E9-12:Ac in ratios of 10:11 to 100:25 (Grant et al 1985). Seasonal and daily flight periods were assessed using Pherocon I1 sticky traps (Great Lakes IPM Inc., Vestaburg, Michigan), each baited with one red rubber septum (No.…”

“…Determining when to put out pheromone traps is another practical problem, which may be solved by using simple phenological indicators or correlates of host trees or other associated vegetation (Mitchell and Sower 1988). Other than identification of a sex attractant and determination of the flight period for E. gloriola in red pine, Pinus resinosa Ait., plantations (Grant et al 1985), little else is known about its flight. Here we report on the seasonal and daily flight activity of male E. gloriola in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)…”

Pheromone-based disruption ofEucosma sonomanaandRhyacionia zozana(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) using aerially applied microencapsulated pheromone

“…Such treatments should be doubly effective if timed to coincide with thinnings. The active ingredients in the pheromone blend that we evaluated have also shown behavioral activity for 13 other species of Rhyacionia and 6 other species of Eucosma (Grant et al 1985(Grant et al , 2002Skillen et al 1997; http://www.pherobase.com), so this approach may have a broad application for control of other damaging pest species of pine plantations and Christmas tree farms in the Pacific Northwest and in the Southeastern United States.…”