“…However, the authors remarked that “most available evidence was compromised by methodological limitations” precluding any deep inquiry about the impact of sex differences on efficacy and toxicity. Further cumulative evidence has matured in various fields (Klein et al, 2015) including neurosciences (Cahill, 2006, 2017), neurodegenerative diseases (Bove and Chitnis, 2013; Canevelli et al, 2017), medication use and treatment adherence (Chen et al, 2014; Manteuffel et al, 2014), incidence of DDI (Bowlin et al, 2013) as well as clinical and preclinical research (Franconi and Campesi, 2014a,b; Mazure, 2016; Segarra et al, 2016). This evidence has pushed forward more clearly the need to address potential sex-based differential clinical effects on male and female patients with the inclusion of covariate sex in the outcome analysis for the benefit of patients (Segarra et al, 2016; Cahill, 2017).…”